Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for Secondary education

1) I met Rachel two years ago - I have known Rachel for 2 years.

2) He sang for five minutes then they told him to stop - He had been singing for 5 minutes when they told him to stop.

3) I can't wait to meet you - I'm looking forward to meeting you.

4) The boy will be taller by the end of summer - The boy will have grown by the end.

5) Sue broke her arm during the hike - while she was looking.

6) This is his first acting role - He has never acted before.

7) I haven't heard from Charles in 2 weeks - The last time I heard from Charles was 2.

8) When did you start to work in the company? - How long have you been working here.

9) I got my driving license when I was 17 - I have had my driving license since I was 17.

10) I've eaten three pieces of cake. Now

The Reality of Eating Disorders

This mindset often causes teenagers to stop eating or avoid school because they fear being humiliated by their peers. How would you feel if I told you that at least 30 million people of all ages and genders suffer from an eating disorder in the U.S.? Are you impressed? Shocked?

The Pressure to Conform

Body image has destroyed many lives, as it can lead to anorexia, bulimia, eating disorders, bullying, or cyberbullying. Many teenagers look up to models, which makes them change their appearances to look "good" and "satisfied." But does it really work? Would you feel satisfied if someone made an offensive comment about your body and forced you to change into someone else? I wouldn't. I wouldn't let myself stop eating... Continue reading "Understanding the Impact of Body Image and Self-Esteem" »

The Most Common Irregular Verbs List

Base form - Past simple - Past participle

Be was/were been

Bear bore born

Beat beat beaten

Become became become

Begin began begun

Bet bet bet

Bite bit bitten

Blow blew blown

Broadcast broadcast broadcast

Break broke broken

Bring brought brought

Build built built

Burn burnt burnt

Buy bought bought

Can could

Catch caught caught

Choose chose chosen

Come came come

Cost cost cost

Cut cut cut

Do did done

Draw drew drawn

Dream dreamt dreamt

Drink drank drunk

Drive drove driven

Eat ate eaten

Fall fell fallen

Feed fed fed

Feel felt felt

Find found found

Forget forgot forgotten

Freeze froze frozen

Get got got

Go went gone

Hang hung hung

Have had had

Hear heard heard

Hit hit hit

Hurt hurt hurt

Keep kept kept

Know knew known

Lead led led

Leave left left

Lend lent... Continue reading "Common Irregular Verbs List with Past Simple and Past Participle" »

Geological Terminology Definitions

Below are definitions for key terms related to the Earth's structure and relief:

Relief

Relief refers to the variations in elevation of the Earth's surface.

Fault

Faults occur when the crust is rigid and fractures. Some blocks sink while others rise.

Tectonic Plates

According to this theory, the Earth's crust is made up of plates which float on the top layer of the mantle.

Subduction Zone

A subduction zone is the area where the crust is destroyed when two plates collide.

Oceanic Relief Forms Description

The following describes the major forms of oceanic relief:

• Continental Shelf

  The continental shelf is a large plateau that surrounds a continent, reaching a depth of 200 meters.

• Continental Slope

  The continental slope leads

Continents of the World

Europe

Relief:

• Alps
• Carpathians
• Caucasus
• Ural Mountains
• Great European Plain

Water:

• Rhine River
• Danube River
• Dnieper River
• Don River
• Volga River
• Lake Ladoga

Climate:

• Mediterranean
• Forest
• Continental
• High Mountains

Landscape:

• Mediterranean Forest
• Deciduous Forest
• Prairies
• Woodland

Fauna:

• Wild Pigs
• Eagles
• Foxes
• Bulls
• Rabbits

Asia

Relief:

• Himalayas
• Plateau of Tibet
• Mount Everest
• Siberian Plateau
• The Archipelago of Japan

Water:

• Yenisey River
• Lena River
• Yangtze River
• Amur River
• Euphrates River
• Ganges River

Climate:

• Dry
• Equatorial
• Tropical
• Desert
• Mediterranean

Landscape:

• Deciduous Forest
• Steppe
• Taiga
• Savanna
• Tundra

Fauna:

• Pandas
• Tigers
• Asian Elephants
• Bears
• Deer

Africa

Relief:

• Rifts
• Valleys
• Drakensberg
• Sahara Desert

Water:

• Nile River
• Niger River
• Congo River
• Lake Victoria
• Orange River

Climate:

• Mediterranean
• Desert
• Equatorial
• Tropical

Humanism is the belief that humanity possesses inherent beauty, worth, and dignity. Therefore, life here on Earth should be cherished rather than simply endured.

Why Humanism Developed

As the power of the Church began to decline, humanism grew in popularity

Before we delve into humanism and the effect it had on the individual, we must first discuss the reasons behind its development. During the Middle Ages (approximately the 3rd through 13th centuries), life and culture were primarily focused on the Church and religion. However, toward the beginning of the 14th century, the power of the Church began to greatly decline. This decline is the main reason for the development of humanism, as people became less interested in thinking about God, the afterlife,... Continue reading "The Rise of Humanism: Impact on Individual Independence" »

**Relationship Building**

**Let's Work**

**I. Decide if the following statements are True or False according to the text.**

1. True. You need good interpersonal skills to be a competent relationship builder.
2. True. Relationship building puts the client's needs first.
3. True. A good relationship builder has a network of mediators for when conflicts arise.
4. False. Information about your clients can be found within your company.
5. False. Only the feedback from your line manager is important.
6. False. Idle chat is not a good way to get to know your colleagues.

**II. Match the headings to the seven steps to becoming an effective relationship builder.**

A) 5 Network of contacts
B) 2 Review
C) 1 Plan
D) 4 Weekly goal
E) 6 Get feedback
F) 7 Small talk
G) 3 Teamwork

**III. In

English Vocabulary & Passive Voice

Key Vocabulary Terms

• Overshadowed: opacado / ensombrecido
• Appropriateness: idoneidad
• Achieve success: alcanzamiento
• Knowledge: conocimiento
• Traits: rasgos
• Self-esteem: autoestima
• Main: principal
• Actually: en realidad / de hecho
• Understanding: comprensión / entendimiento
• Which: cuales / las cuales / el cual
• Self-development: autodesarrollo
• Skills: habilidades / destrezas
• Rate: ritmo / velocidad
• Mistakes: errores
• Sensitivity: sensibilidad
• Agreement: acuerdo
• Aptitude: aptitud
• Able: capaz
• Worth: valer la pena

Rewrite Sentences Using Passive Voice

Rewrite these sentences using the passive voice.

1. In Britain today most people read newspapers online.

   In Britain today, newspapers are read online by most people.

2. Colourful leaflets advertise

Types of Employers, Introduction to Competencies, Skills Versus Competencies

Some years ago, when executives and managers began to realize that employees' skills were not the only factor determining their success, they started to use competencies. Competencies are a concept taken on board by human resource departments to measure a person's appropriateness for a particular job.

What is a Competency?

In simple terms, a competency is a tool that an individual can use in order to demonstrate a high standard of performance. Most organizations recognize two main groups and then have numerous subgroups into which competencies can be further divided.

Competencies in the Business World

There has been a lot written about competencies. It is easy to see how... Continue reading "Understanding Competencies in the Professional World" »

Critical Thinking

Curiosity, Skepticism, Humility

Psychology is a science that studies the human mind and behavior. It is a field that is constantly evolving, as new research is constantly being conducted to better understand how we think, feel, and act.

Major Schools of Psychology

Psychoanalytic (Unconscious) - Freud

Humanistic (Free Will)

Behaviorism (Watson/B.F. Skinner) - Exploration of Behaviors

There are many different schools of psychology, each with its own unique perspective on the human mind and behavior. Some of the major schools of psychology include:

• Psychoanalytic psychology, which focuses on the unconscious mind and its influence on behavior.
• Humanistic psychology, which emphasizes the importance of free will and personal growth.
• Behaviorism,