Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for Secondary education

Replication

AAGGCCTAGC-TTCCGGATCG

Transcription

AAGGCCTAGC

Translation

How to Read the RNAm to Make Proteins After the Transcribing DNA as RNAm

It exists from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. There, ribosomes are waiting for the RNAm, and the two subunits look for the first codon AUG. The RNAm is read by triplets. All the possible combinations of codons and its corresponding amino acids are called genetic code. Mutation is the alteration of the DNA sequence that can be transmitted to the offspring (if it occurs in gametes).

Addition:

A nucleotide is added

Deletion:

A nucleotide is removed

Substitution:

A nucleotide is changed

Baroque art is characterized by its rich ornamentation and dramatic intensity, pursuing the exploration of form and the contrast of light and shadow.

Profane Vocal Music: The Birth of Opera

Characteristics of Opera

• Main profane vocal form.
• Understood as an entirely sung piece, written for orchestra, choirs, and soloists.

Early Operas

• First opera: Euridice by Jacopo Peri.
• First drama in music: L'Orfeo by Claudio Monteverdi (1607).

Parts of an Opera

Key Composers

• Antonio Vivaldi
• Johann Sebastian Bach
• George Frideric Handel

Vocal Parts

• Recitative: Halfway between spoken word and singing.
• Aria: A part sung by a soloist.

Instrumental Parts

• Overture: An instrumental introduction.
• Interludes: Connecting instrumental sections.
• Choruses and Ballets: Often integrated into

Understanding Commerce

General Characteristics

Commerce includes all economic activities intended to connect producers and consumers through the buying and selling of goods and services.

Some characteristic features of commerce today include:

• It is governed by the principles of supply and demand.
• In terms of location, it is physically concentrated primarily in urban environments. It is also closely related to and dependent on transport and communications networks.
• Countries are becoming increasingly interdependent. Multinational companies are also increasingly important in international trade.
• In developed economies, the growth of commerce is based on consumption by consumers, inhabitants, and companies, and the significant production of goods and

Transport and Communications Evolution

The transport of people and goods has changed considerably over the last century. In addition, costs and journey times have both decreased. This phenomenon is known as the Transport Revolution.

Modern Transport Systems

• Rail Transport: From the early 19th century to the second half of the 20th century, railways were the main means of ground transport because of their speed and carrying capacity. Today, it is used for the transport of goods, as well as for passengers on local routes and medium-distance routes on high-speed and other trains.
• Road Transport: As car ownership became widespread in the mid-20th century, the number of roads and vehicles has increased steadily. Today, road transport is the most suitable

Healthcare and Education

Healthcare

The healthcare sector of a country includes all the services intended to prevent and treat human illnesses. Healthcare, therefore, has an impact on a basic necessity: health. This is why it is one of the most important tertiary sector activities.

This service can be provided by both private companies and government bodies. Due to the high cost of maintaining facilities, training staff, and offering a good standard of patient care, the government usually plays a significant role in providing public healthcare services, as very few people can afford private healthcare. There is a great deal of inequality between developed and developing economies in terms of healthcare. This is evident from both the investment... Continue reading "Healthcare and Education: Pillars of the Tertiary Sector" »

The Treaty of Versailles

1.The Treaty of Versailles consisted of the signing of an agreement between the partner countries after the 1st war, and also involved international agreements on the guilt of the war and the economic compensation to face. In the treaty involved the payment of compensation and war reparations from the defeated countries to the winning countries. Prohibition of rearmament to Germany; loss of territory and colonies that remained under the dominion of the winning countries or the League of Nations.

The treaty held that Germany was to blame for having started the war for it is the country that will have the political responsibility to correct what happened in the war through indemnities and territories.

The League of Nations

2.... Continue reading "The Treaty of Versailles and the League of Nations" »

Key Political and Historical Terms in Spanish History

• Besiege: To surround a place in order to attack it.
• Bipartisan: Involving two political parties.
• Caciquismo: The undemocratic use of democratic power by local leaders.
• Cádiz Cortes: The first national assembly in Spain to claim sovereignty.
• Camarillismo: The influence of a group on the politics of a country for personal gain, often hidden from the general public.
• Canton: An independent division of a country.
• Carlism: A conservative political movement in Spain that supported Infante Carlos as king and defended absolutism.
• Carlist Wars: Civil wars fought in Spain between liberal supporters of Isabella II and Carlists.
• Census Suffrage: The right to vote given to only some people (restricted suffrage)

1. What is Development?

Stark economic and social contrasts exist worldwide, leading to the classification of countries into:

• Developed Countries
• Transition Countries
• Less Developed Countries

1.1. Country Classifications

2. Measuring Development

Several... Continue reading "Global Economic Disparities: A Development Perspective" »

Lesson T-2.1: Vocabulary and Grammar Practice

Vocabulary Exercises

Exercise 1: Word Associations

1. abducted (aliens)
2. speed (km)
3. well-deserved (holiday)
4. launched (summer)
5. widespread
6. crew
7. wrap-up
8. voyage

Exercise 2: Phrase Corrections

• a tree
• the earthquake
• there are few benefits
• believed him
• difficult to see them
• plenty of time

Exercise 3: Phrasal Verbs

1. pick up
2. work out
3. took off
4. use up
5. catch on
6. carry out
7. broke down
8. put on

Grammar Exercises

Exercise 4: Verb Tenses and Conditionals

1. decide
2. hadn't told
3. didn't have
4. would happen
5. wouldn't bother
6. will go

Exercise 5: Conditional Sentences Practice

1. had seen, would have said
2. had, would save
3. would have cancelled, had known
4. would go, are making
5. will call, finish/have finished

Exercise 6: Sentence Completion and Correction

1. If the spacecraft orbits/had

Lost Boy

By Ruth B

There was a time when I was alone
Nowhere to go and no place to call home
My only friend was the man in the moon
And even sometimes he would go away, too

Then one night, as I closed my eyes
I saw a shadow flying high
He came to me with the sweetest smile
Told me he wanted to talk for a while
He said, "Peter Pan, that's what they call me
I promise that you'll never be lonely," and ever since that day

I am a lost boy from Neverland

Usually hanging out with Peter Pan
And when we're bored we play in the woods
Always on the run from Captain Hook
"Run, run, lost boy," they say to me
Away from all of reality

Neverland is home to lost boys like me

And lost boys like me are free
Neverland is home to lost boys like me
And lost boys like me are free

He sprinkled... Continue reading "Lost Boy: A Song of Neverland" »