Notes, abstracts, papers, exams and problems of Secondary education

Understanding Poverty

Defining Poverty

Relative poverty refers to economic inequality within a society. Individuals or groups experiencing relative poverty have less access to goods and services compared to others.

Absolute poverty signifies the lack of resources to meet basic human needs, such as water, food, sanitation, shelter, clothing, and education.

People Affected by Poverty

Individuals facing poverty often experience disadvantages, including limited access to quality education and increased health risks.

Causes of Poverty

1. Unemployment or Underemployment: Lack of sufficient work opportunities to earn a living wage.
2. Old Age: Insufficient income after retirement.
3. Ill Health: Mental and physical health issues can hinder employment and increase expenses.

ECONOMY europe--> 1st half crisis bc destruction & debt 2nd half distention bc of better international relationshipsh+prosperity- germany = worst state PRIMER CÍRCULO way out = Dawes plan (ends ruhr occupation, lowers war reparations, gives money for economic recovery)/ USA--> industrial growt, increase in exports, europe pays dawes plan + mass consumer society "american livestyle" (car + house appliances) / 1929 crisis growth based on consmption development by credits, increase in speculation=increase in stock market value, SEGUNDO CÍRCULO , globalisation of crisis=great depression (that ends w/WWII) / way out great depr economic nationalism & state intervention - USA elections 32' hoover (economic liberalism) vs roosevelt

Neuromarketing and Consumer Behavior

Marketing is a field devoted to influencing people to like things, and ultimately to buy things, including things they may not need. Neuromarketing offers a better way to measure marketing effectiveness because it's based on a more realistic understanding of how consumers' brains operate. Traditional marketing relies on data collection through surveys, discussion groups, interviews, and other market research techniques to obtain information.

Rational vs. Intuitive Consumers

A rational consumer uses a logical and analytical approach to make purchase decisions. They consider the facts, compare prices, evaluate benefits and costs, and make informed decisions based on a systematic evaluation of available information.... Continue reading "Neuromarketing and Consumer Behavior: Key Concepts" »

RB 23rd February 1917. It began with a demonstration in Petrograd. Troops refused to shoot at strikers. Nicholas II abdicated, and a Provisional Government was formed.

Russia continued in the war, which worsened the crisis. Lenin claimed to power for the Soviets. With his April Theses ask for a new revolution supporting the Russian withdrawal from the war, the redistribution of the land, and the control of factories by worker's committees.

RB Oct. Planified by Lenin and Trotsky. The 24th, the former joined the Soviet of Petrogard, and the next day the strategic points around the city were taken over. The agrarian property was distributed among the peasants... Security was guaranteed by the public service.

The Dawes plan: 1924 a set of measures... Continue reading "Law 19983 on" »

This study investigated whether a parrot could use vocal labels to demonstrate a symbolic understanding of the concepts "same" and "different."

Method

Participants

The subject was an African Grey parrot named Alex.

Procedure

Researchers used the model-rival technique to train Alex. This involved:

• Teaching Alex to vocally label objects based on color, shape, and material.
• Presenting Alex with pairs of objects and asking "What's same?" or "What's different?"
• Rewarding Alex for correct vocalizations.

Training and Testing

• Training sessions occurred 2-4 times per week, lasting 5 minutes to 1 hour.
• Objects varied in color (red, green, blue), shape (triangular, square), and material (rawhide, wood).
• Secondary trainers, unfamiliar to Alex, conducted trials to

Economic Expectations

Economic expectations are assumptions people make about the future. They guide individuals, businesses, and governments in their decision-making processes. Companies analyze their own situation, their competitors, and the economic climate to adapt their strategies. This includes investment and production decisions, which can shift the supply curve.

Industrial Structure

In developed countries, most people work in the tertiary sector (services), while manufacturing and agriculture are less prominent. This pattern differs in emerging and non-developed countries.

GDP and Economic Well-being

Gross Domestic Product (GDP)

GDP measures the total value of goods and services produced in an economy annually, indicating its size and evolution.... Continue reading "Economic Indicators and Global Development Trends" »

Su,Aalo Iyo Jawabo biology 

• 1. a) i) Define transport

• Movement of substances from one part of the body to another

  ii) Explain the necessity of transport in plants and animals

• make nutrients move from one point to another

• movement of respiratory gases i.e. oxygen and carbon IV oxide

• elimination of metabolic wastes

• movement of hormones

• movement of water

• movement of salts

• movement of enzymes

  b) i) Describe the structure and function of root hair

• root hairs are found near the root tip

• they are cells with elongated finger-like projections which are in contact with soil particles

• they are permeable to water and mineral salts hence are used to absorb Water and mineral salts

• There large number offers a large surface area for absorption of water and mineral salts.

Refrasing:

1. De niño, solía pasar el verano corriendo...

2. Mi vecino es policía y tiene un coche increíble.

3. Debe ser difícil mudarse a un país extranjero.

4. Fue al restaurante donde conoció a su futura esposa.

5. Lisa debería tener más de 3 amigos.

6. Es imposible que ella haya aprobado el examen porque no estudió en absoluto.

7. Nunca he hecho puenting.

8. Peter salió a caminar como todos los días a pesar de que estaba nevando intensamente.

9. ¿Qué vas a hacer el sábado por la noche?

10. Mientras cenaba, sonó el teléfono.

11. Después de un tiempo, me acostumbré al nuevo software.

12. Nancy no ha estado aquí desde 2017.

13. Steve empezó a aprender el violín hace un mes.

14. ¿Cuándo se casaron Helen y Joe?

Theories on the Origin of Life

The primordial soup hypothesis is incapable of explaining the origin of life because the early atmosphere wasn't composed of the gases described by Oparin and Haldane. Also, we know that in the early atmosphere, there was no ozone layer, so it would make the first molecules very unstable because of UV radiation. The hypothesis was supported by the Miller-Urey experiment, which consisted of the following: a mixture of gases was put in a container, and high-voltage electric shocks were applied. Then, gases were condensed in another container, simulating the primitive ocean. Finally, several organic compounds were found in that simulated "primordial soup," including amino acids. As an alternative to the primordial... Continue reading "Origin of Life and Evolution: Theories and Evidence" »