Notes, abstracts, papers, exams and problems of Secondary education

The heart: double circulatory system

Vena cava - body to the heart (DO), pulmonary artery heart to lungs (DO), pulmonary vein - lungs to heart (O), aorta - heart to body (O). Arteries take blood away from the heart, veins take it towards the heart, Pulmonary means lungs. Valves make sure blood flows in a one way direction. Blood goes from heart to lungs to be oxygenated via the pulmonary artery. The now oxygenated blood goes back to the heart via the pulmonary vein to be pumped around the body via the aorta. Once the blood has been round the body, it is pumped to the heart via the vena cava to be sent to the lungs again for oxygenation then the cycle repeats.

Coronary heart disease

The coronary artery supplies blood to the heart (the heart is... Continue reading "Understanding the Human Heart and Immune System" »

The 7Ps of Marketing

1. Product

A product, whether tangible goods or intangible services, is offered to customers to satisfy their needs. Market research helps businesses determine the right products to produce and sell, impacting customer perception and business success.

2. Price

Price is the amount required to purchase a product. Determining price involves considering factors like cost, customer willingness to pay, value, and utility. A balanced price avoids negatively impacting demand or profitability.

3. Place

Place ensures the right product reaches potential buyers at the right location and time. Effective distribution strategies focus on accessible locations for target consumers.

4. Promotion

Promotion encompasses marketing communication used... Continue reading "7Ps of Marketing: Enhance Your Business Strategies" »

According to this text are all the men equal in rights? What are the rights of man according to the text?

Yes, they are because says that all men are born free.

What is the origin of sovereignty according to the text? According to the text, can you be punished for something that is not forbidden by law? Who can take part in politics (make laws) according to the text?

The origin of sovereignty is the nation (line 6). No, you can be punished for something that is not forbidden by law (lines 11-12). All the citizens can take part in politics (lines 14-15).

Do you know during which phase of the French Revolution was signed this text: National Assembly, Constitutional Monarchy, First French Republic or Directory? Do you think that the principles of

Ionic Bonding

Bonding between a non-metal and a metal where electrons are transferred from the metal to the non-metal. This results in the non-metal forming a negative ion and the metal forming a positive ion. The structure is a giant ionic lattice with strong electrostatic forces between ions. A lot of energy is needed to break these forces, resulting in high melting and boiling points. Ionic compounds conduct electricity when aqueous or molten, as the ions are free to move around. They can be represented using dot and cross diagrams.

Covalent Bonding

Bonding between two non-metals. Covalent compounds do not conduct electricity as there are no charged particles. Small molecules are liquids or gases at room temperature due to weak intermolecular... Continue reading "Chemical Bonding and Structure" »

Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

Photosynthesis

Photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen, using light energy. This endothermic reaction can be summarized by the following equation:

6CO₂ + 6H₂O -> C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂

The rate of photosynthesis is influenced by several factors, often referred to as limiting factors. These include:

• Light intensity: Increased light levels generally lead to a higher rate of photosynthesis until an optimum level is reached.
• Carbon dioxide concentration: Higher levels of carbon dioxide can enhance the rate of photosynthesis, up to a certain point.
• Temperature: Plants in their ideal temperature range perform photosynthesis more efficiently than those outside

Standard Form/Scientific Notation

If you had a number like this:

54300000.0

Then you would have to make the number so it is under 10:

5.4300000

But you moved the decimal place 7 places to the left, so the standard form is:

5.43 x 10⁷

HINT

Recurring decimals are written with a little dot or a line above a number to show that it goes on forever.

HINT

Terminating decimals are decimals that eventually stop and are not recurring.

Rounding

When rounding, you round to the nearest number with the amount of decimal places provided. For example:

59.54

The critical digit (last number) determines what the number will be. In this example, the critical digit is 4. 4 or less, let it rest. 5 or more, raise the score. So because the critical digit is 4, you would round the... Continue reading "Decimals, Fractions, and Percentages" »

Ricardian Model

Unit Labour Req.  Pears(Ib).  Oranges(Ib)

Home                  4h (aLp).         3h (aLo)

Foreign.              6h (aLp*).        1h (alp*)

Absolute Advantage - country takes less time to produce goods?

Home -> pears // Foreign -> oranges

Comparative Advantage - lower opportunity cost 

- Home has a C.Adv in pears production as its opp. cost of pears production is lower than foreign country - will specialize in pears

PPF (grafico) - (aLp · Qp) + (aLo · Qo) <= L

4Qp + 3Qo <= L (Qp = 300 & Qo=400)

Maximum home pears production is 300 and oranges 400

Slope = opp. cost - the opp. cost of pear is how many pounds of oranges Home must stop producing in order to make one more pound of pear

Absence of

The Age of Enlightenment

The Age of Enlightenment was a cultural and intellectual movement that dominated the world of ideas in Europe during the 18th century. It was an era in intellectual, scientific, and cultural life where reason was regarded as the primary source of legitimacy and authority.

Philosophers of the Enlightenment

Key figures of the Enlightenment included:

• Voltaire
• Rousseau
• Montesquieu
• Diderot
• D'Alembert

These thinkers built upon the ideas of Descartes, Hobbes, and Locke.

Social Contract, National Sovereignty, and Separation of Powers

Rousseau argued that the social contract is an agreement individuals willingly enter to limit their own freedom for the benefit of society.

Montesquieu, inspired by the English parliamentary system, believed... Continue reading "The Age of Enlightenment and the Scientific Revolution" »

Tourist friendly attitude is the surest way to promote tourism. Promoting tourism is like promoting the larger goal of peace and harmony around the world. Tourism is a driving force for poverty alleviation, job creation and social harmony and role of tourism in creating mutual understanding and Social harmony can be the leading one. If there is any destination in the world, which offers the widest choice to tourists, it is India. Nature tourism, culture tourism, exotic tourism, adventure tourism and spiritual tourism we have everything in India to cater to the diverse preferences of domestic and international tourists. Nothing makes a better and more lasting impression on a tourist than a courteous, friendly and helpful approach. A tourist... Continue reading "Promoting Tourism in India for Peace and Harmony" »