Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for Primary education

It took some time for U.S. law and politics to connect itself to the global economy. For years, the country was divided over whether those connections were necessary, and, then, which government agency has the obligation to maintain the connection. It came down to the US Supreme Court, who made conclusions that influence international economics to the present day. We'll take a look at the key cases, all of which are still controversial decades later. Since the U.S. dollar remains the currency of choice for world business today, quite a few of America's international business partners know these ageing Supreme Court rulings backwards-and-forwards as well. Knowledge is power, especially when billions of dollars are at stake around the world.... Continue reading "The Influence of Military Power on Foreign Policy and International Economics" »

He fleshes out the story of the Trojan horse in book 3: the subsequent assault on Troy by the Greeks, the defeat of the Trojans, and Aeneas’ escape with his comrades and family, ending with their departure by ship for their destined new nation.

Book 3 serves to narrate the travels of Aeneas and his heroes through thick and thin against all odds, ultimately arriving in Sicily where his father Anchises dies. After the funeral games, Aeneas sent his people by ship to Italy only to be driven in the opposite direction to Carthage by Juno’s storm. There she wishes to unite our Trojan hero with Queen Dido to prevent him from reaching his destiny.

Having told the entire tale all night long to Dido and her nobles, Aeneas ends his story at the end... Continue reading "The Epic of Aeneas: Virgil's Artistic Genius and Innovation" »

Main Features of Philosophy

Philosophy is a radical “Why?”. It faces the basis of our world and existence. “Radical” means everything can be put into question, even philosophy itself (its own foundation). There are no prejudices allowed. For philosophy, nothing is taken for granted.

• Rational: No dogmas are allowed; it is based on logical arguments and experience.
• Systematic: Its assertions are related and hierarchical, ordered systematically without contradictions.
• Critical: Everything has to be examined by reason, even the simplest thing.

Philosophy is a problematizing discipline. Its value lies in its peculiar way of addressing problems more than in how it solves them. The questions, more than its answers, are valuable. It is a universalist

Essential English-Spanish Vocabulary List

• ...are used - se usan
• ...is used - se usa
• A few hours ago - hace unas horas
• A long time ago - hace mucho tiempo
• A table for...# - una mesa para #
• A/an - un/una
• Above - sobre
• To accuse - acusar
• Administration - la administración
• Administrator - el administrador
• Afternoon - la tarde
• Algebra - el álgebra
• To allow/permit - permitir
• Almond - la almendra
• Already - ya
• An hour ago - hace una hora
• Andean - andino/a
• To announce - anunciar
• To answer - contestar
• To arrive - llegar
• Art - el arte
• To ask (a question) - preguntar
• To ask for/order - pedir
• Assistant - el asistente
• Astronomy - la astronomía
• At/to - a
• To attend - asistir a
• Avocado - el aguacate
• Backpack - la mochila
• Bacon - el tocino
• Bad - estar mal/ser malo
• Baked - al horno
• Band -

The Decline of the Hispanic Monarchy

Felipe III had the largest empire in the 17th century. He disliked ruling the country, so he delegated his authority to a valido, which was a kind of prime minister that depended on the king's favor. He faced several problems, but he was able to maintain its extension due to his pacifist policies:

• He signed a peace with England with the Treaty of London (1604).
• The Twelve Years' Truce with the Netherlands from 1609 to 1621 maintained peace, although it was an indirect way of recognizing the Northern Provinces' independence as the truce was not able to be renewed and then at the Thirty Years' War it was confirmed in the Treaty of Westphalia.
• Peace with France was signed in 1598.

During his reign, the Moriscos... Continue reading "The Decline of the Hispanic Monarchy in the 17th Century" »

Chapter 6 Review: Bond Valuation Problems

1. Coupon Rate Calculation

   A $1,000 face value bond is currently quoted at 100.8. The bond pays semiannual payments of $22.50 each and matures in six years. What is the coupon rate?

   Coupon rate = ($22.50 × 2) / $1,000 = 0.0450, or 4.50 percent

2. Current Price of a Bond

   A $1,000 face value bond currently has a yield to maturity of 8.22 percent. The bond matures in five years and pays interest semiannually. The coupon rate is 7.5 percent. What is the current price of this bond?

   FV = 1000; PMT = 75/2 = 37.5; N = 5 x 2 = 10; I/Y = 8.22 / 2 = 4.11 => PV = 970.96

3. Determining Coupon Rate

   A six-year, semiannual coupon bond is selling for $991.38. The bond has a face value of $1,000 and a yield to maturity of 9.19

Mastering Advanced English Vocabulary

Acquisitive - greedy / Acquit - find not guilty / Adduce - bring as proof / Allegiance - loyalty / Allot - assign / Altercation - heated fight / Anathema - something loathed / Anterior - situated in front / Annex - to add / Apparition - ghostly object / Appellation - a name / Apprise - inform / Armistice - truce / Arraign - to accuse / Arrant - bad (arrant fool) / Arrears - state of being in debt / Articulate - pronounce clearly / Ascribe - determine with certainty / Aspersion - slandering remark / Assail - attack vigorously / Astringent - severe / Atone - make amends / Augur - to be an omen / Auspices - support / Aversion - dislike / Barrage - concentrated attack / Bauble - inexpensive ornament / Behest... Continue reading "Vocabulary Building: Mastering Advanced English Words" »

Reproduction

We make new living beings similar to us. Men develop facial hair, deeper voices, more body hair, and bigger muscles. Women develop breasts, thicker lips, higher voices, and less body hair. The uterus is where the baby develops during pregnancy. Fallopian tubes connect the ovaries to the uterus. Ovaries contain the female sex cells, ova. The vagina connects the uterus to the outside of the body. The vulva is the external skin of the female reproductive system, which protects the opening of the vagina. The prostate gland produces a liquid that transports spermatozoa and provides them with nutrients, semen. The urethra is the tube that transports semen to the outside of the body. The penis is the organ that contains the urethra. Sperm... Continue reading "Human Reproduction: Anatomy and Process Explained" »

Letters to Magazines or Newspapers

Film Review
Dear Sir/Madam,
I am writing to complain about your review of the film Happy Ever After. I believe it gave the wrong impression, and I’d like to provide readers with an alternative opinion. Firstly, there were several errors in the review. For example, it said the main character was a teenager, whereas she was actually in her twenties. More importantly, however, the review suggested that this was a silly film that only very young people would like. In fact, my friends and I, who are in our late teens, really enjoyed it. To sum up, I would tell your readers not to be put off by your review. This is an entertaining film – watch it and decide for yourself. Yours faithfully, (117)

Emails
Opinion on