Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for Physical Education

Pathway 2: Glycolysis Anaerobic Lactic- Glycolysis is the second energy pathway. ATP produced during Glycolysis allows an athlete to engage in medium-term physical activity usually lasting from 1-3 minutes (from 15 seconds - 3 minutes).

• Medium Term sports would include a shift in a hockey game, 400 or 800 meter track event.

  Since glucose is plentiful in the body, Glycolysis is an ideal backup to the short-lived ATP production provided by ATP-PC system. During the process of Glycolysis, glucose is partially broken down in an 11-step biochemical process to yield twice as much ATP! How? Glycolysis transfers energy from the breakdown of glucose to ADP which it uses to rejoin to phosphate to make ATP. Like ATP-PC, Glycolysis does not require O2. ATP

Physical Fitness Fundamentals

Physical fitness enables daily physical activity without excessive fatigue. It comprises four key components, often called the four "S's": Strength, Stamina (or endurance), Speed, and Suppleness (or flexibility). In Spanish, these are known as "Capacidades Físicas Básicas".

1. Endurance or Stamina

Endurance is the ability to exercise continuously for extended periods without tiring. It's crucial for health, quality of life, and many sports, such as marathons. Regular stamina training benefits the cardiovascular system.

There are two main types of stamina based on energy usage:

• Aerobic Stamina: Enables low-intensity activities over long periods, with sufficient oxygen supply to muscles.
• Anaerobic Stamina: Enables high-

Polyhedron

A solid bounded by at least four polygonal faces.

Face

A polygonal surface of a solid figure.

Vertex of a Polyhedron

The point at which three or more edges meet.

Edge

A line segment where two faces of a polyhedron meet.

Diagonal of a Polyhedron

A line segment joining two vertices that are not on the same face.

Prisms

Polyhedra bounded by two parallel polygonal faces and several parallelogram faces. The side edges are all parallel and equally long.

The Height of the Prism

Perpendicular distance between the two parallel faces.

Right Prisms

A prism is a right prism if the sides are rectangles (or squares). In right prisms, the side edges are perpendicular to the bases. If the sides are not rectangles (rhomboids, for example), it is an oblique... Continue reading "Understanding Polyhedra: Definitions, Types, and Properties" »

Dear Josep Bartomeu,

I am writing to you concerning the event that my company will organize.

We want the Futbol Club Barcelona to be our main sponsor and thus attract more fans to both companies.

We kindly request you to allow us to use Camp Nou to organize a soccer game between players, as sports are the main focus of our company.

In appreciation of your collaboration, we will feature Barça as the main team in the game.

Thank you again for your support. Should you have any questions regarding event details, please contact me by phone.

Yours faithfully,

Excuse me, can you tell me where the post office is?

¿Dónde está?

Excuse me, can you tell me how to get to the post office?

¿Puede decirme cómo llegar?

Of course,

Go straight on - Go straight ahead - Go along this street

Turn right - Turn left

Take the second/third turning on the right/left

It's on the right

It's two/three blocks away on the right/left

First - Primero

Next - Siguiente

Finally - Finalmente

Then - Luego

Wallet - Billetera

Trousers - Pantalones

Heating - Calefacción

Raincoat - Impermeable

Cooker - Estufa

Wear - Vestir

Belt - Cinturón

Skirt - Falda

Envelope - Sobre

Insurance - Seguro

Message - Mensaje

Subject - Tema

Bill - Factura

Form - Formulario

Clever - Inteligente

Library - Biblioteca

Sweater - Suéter

Biological Challenges Faced by Women in Sports

Q27. ‘Women face certain hindrances in sports due to their biological cycle’. Explain these issues in brief.

Female Athlete Triad: Osteoporosis, Amenorrhea, Eating Disorders

The Female Athlete Triad is a syndrome that links three health problems: disordered eating, amenorrhea, and osteoporosis. Girls may begin to skip periods if they are not getting adequate nutrition for the amount of exercise they do (energy availability). Periods also may be irregular. Stress lowers estrogen levels, which may cause skipped periods. Low estrogen levels and a lack of menstrual periods can lead to low bone mass (low bone mineral density) and stress fractures (small cracks) in their bones. The female athlete triad... Continue reading "Biological Challenges in Women's Sports, Joint Movements, and Common Disorders" »

Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Skeletal Systems Quiz

1. Select the wrong answer. (0.5 p)

Which of the following is *not* a function of the cardiovascular system?

• Transport of substances
• Clotting of wounds
• Temperature control

2. The cardiovascular system is made up of three main parts. Select the wrong answer. (0.5 p)

Which of these is *not* a main part of the cardiovascular system?

• The reast (Should be: Heart)
• Blood
• Blood vessels

3. While you are training, your heart beats... Select the right answer. (0.5 p)

(Question needs more context, e.g., "...your heart beats faster or slower?")

4. If you are X years old, what is your maximum heart rate? Select the right answer. (0.5 p)

Example Answer: 220 - 13 = 207 bpm

5. If I use a stopwatch and after 6 seconds

My Passion for Football

My favorite sport is football. I like to watch it on TV.

Following FC Barcelona and Lionel Messi

I am really keen on the Barça team, and Messi is my favorite football player in the world.

Playing Football Every Weekend

I like to play football, too. I play it every weekend, and I think I'm quite good at it. I play as a forward and score a lot of goals.

Celebrating After the Game

When we finish playing, my friends and I usually go out to celebrate, and we always have a good time.

Football is My Life

I love football! I don't know what I would do without it because I don't like any other sport. Football is my life!

Definition of Athletic Training

Athletic training is a healthcare profession that collaborates with physicians to optimize activity and participation for patients and clients.

Members of the Sports Medicine Team

• Team Physician: Has the final say in medical decisions.
• Athletic Trainer: Collaborates with physicians and other healthcare professionals to provide care to athletes.
• Physical Therapist: Assists in the rehabilitation of injured athletes.
• Coach: Provides guidance and support to athletes.

Sports Medicine Disciplines

1. Strength & Conditioning: Advises athletes on training and conditioning programs. 2. Exercise Physiologist: Provides input on training techniques, body composition analysis, and nutrition. 3. Nutritionist: Designs special diets... Continue reading "Athletic Training: A Comprehensive Guide" »

Key Figures of Permian Football

Boobie Miles: Permian's Star Prospect

Boobie, whose real name is James Earl Miles Jr., is one of six players the book focuses on. Even in his junior year, he was considered a top prospect by colleges nationwide. Boobie is clearly talented, but also cocky and self-absorbed. Coming from an impoverished background, he was adopted by his uncle, L.V. Miles. Boobie suffers a career-ending knee injury early in his final season.

Brian Chavez: Academic & Athletic Talent

Brian is the only Hispanic player on the Permian team. He is relentless on the field, punishing opponents every play. Unlike other players on the team, Brian is academically gifted. He is at the top of his class and has the unique advantage of securing... Continue reading "Permian Panthers: Key Figures & Their Journeys" »