Directions to the Post Office
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Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for Physical Education
Biological Challenges in Women's Sports, Joint Movements, and Common Disorders
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Biological Challenges Faced by Women in Sports
Q27. ‘Women face certain hindrances in sports due to their biological cycle’. Explain these issues in brief.
Female Athlete Triad: Osteoporosis, Amenorrhea, Eating Disorders
The Female Athlete Triad is a syndrome that links three health problems: disordered eating, amenorrhea, and osteoporosis. Girls may begin to skip periods if they are not getting adequate nutrition for the amount of exercise they do (energy availability). Periods also may be irregular. Stress lowers estrogen levels, which may cause skipped periods. Low estrogen levels and a lack of menstrual periods can lead to low bone mass (low bone mineral density) and stress fractures (small cracks) in their bones. The female athlete triad... Continue reading "Biological Challenges in Women's Sports, Joint Movements, and Common Disorders" »
Cardiovascular, Respiratory & Skeletal Systems
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Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Skeletal Systems Quiz
1. Select the wrong answer. (0.5 p)
Which of the following is *not* a function of the cardiovascular system?
- Transport of substances
- Clotting of wounds
- Temperature control
2. The cardiovascular system is made up of three main parts. Select the wrong answer. (0.5 p)
Which of these is *not* a main part of the cardiovascular system?
- The reast (Should be: Heart)
- Blood
- Blood vessels
3. While you are training, your heart beats... Select the right answer. (0.5 p)
(Question needs more context, e.g., "...your heart beats faster or slower?")
4. If you are X years old, what is your maximum heart rate? Select the right answer. (0.5 p)
Example Answer: 220 - 13 = 207 bpm
5. If I use a stopwatch and after 6 seconds
... Continue reading "Cardiovascular, Respiratory & Skeletal Systems" »Passionate About Football: FC Barcelona and Lionel Messi
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My Passion for Football
My favorite sport is football. I like to watch it on TV.
Following FC Barcelona and Lionel Messi
I am really keen on the Barça team, and Messi is my favorite football player in the world.
Playing Football Every Weekend
I like to play football, too. I play it every weekend, and I think I'm quite good at it. I play as a forward and score a lot of goals.
Celebrating After the Game
When we finish playing, my friends and I usually go out to celebrate, and we always have a good time.
Football is My Life
I love football! I don't know what I would do without it because I don't like any other sport. Football is my life!
Athletic Training: A Comprehensive Guide
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Definition of Athletic Training
Athletic training is a healthcare profession that collaborates with physicians to optimize activity and participation for patients and clients.
Members of the Sports Medicine Team
- Team Physician: Has the final say in medical decisions.
- Athletic Trainer: Collaborates with physicians and other healthcare professionals to provide care to athletes.
- Physical Therapist: Assists in the rehabilitation of injured athletes.
- Coach: Provides guidance and support to athletes.
Sports Medicine Disciplines
1. Strength & Conditioning: Advises athletes on training and conditioning programs. 2. Exercise Physiologist: Provides input on training techniques, body composition analysis, and nutrition. 3. Nutritionist: Designs special diets... Continue reading "Athletic Training: A Comprehensive Guide" »
Health and Disease: A Biopsychosocial Perspective and the Natural History of Disease
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2. Health and disease as a biopsychosocial category. The value of health. Natural history of disease. Influencing pathological process
Health and Disease as a Biopsychosocial Category:
The promotion and destruction of health is a complex and multi-level process
In the past, “health” referred only to the absence of disease
Today, it has a broader meaning – a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being
Health Definition
o According to WHO, 1946: health is a property or state of a given individual, of her or his physical, psychological and social well- being
This definition needs to be revised: health is not a state but an “ability to cope”. The issues defining and measuring health and illness go far
Sprint Mechanics, Training, and Agility in Sports
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Sprint Stride Phases and Ground Contact
Ground Contact (Heel Strike, Amortization, Toe Off)
During ground contact, the foot should strike with weight on the ball of the feet. The strike leg should aggressively straighten down and underneath the body to the ground contact point.
Recovery (Leg Extension, Forward Swing, Foot Descent)
The strike leg should aggressively extend, and the forward swing should follow while the other leg is going through contact. The recovery leg should follow a path straight up toward the buttock, the knee should rise, and the thigh should be parallel to the ground. The foot should drop below the knee, making the knee at a 90-degree angle.
Sprint Acceleration and Maximum Velocity Distances
Many field sport athletes can attain... Continue reading "Sprint Mechanics, Training, and Agility in Sports" »
Healthy Habits for Army Members: Maintaining Physical Fitness
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Healthy Habits
As a member of the Army, it is a must to be in good physical condition. This article aims to inform about healthy habits of life as well as being fit.
Importance of a Healthy Lifestyle
First of all, it is very important to have a healthy lifestyle. For this reason, it is necessary to eat in a varied way. This means eating fish, meat, salads, pasta, rice, and avoiding fats such as industrial bakery, candies, and chips. Moreover, you have to have five meals a day and try to avoid eating between meals and excessive dinners. Once a week, you can indulge in your favorite foods like pizza or burgers.
Importance of Physical Training
Even though the diet is very important, physical training is also crucial. As a soldier, you usually do PT... Continue reading "Healthy Habits for Army Members: Maintaining Physical Fitness" »
The Benefits of Sports: Improving Health, Fun Lifestyle, and Smartness
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In my opinion, doing sports is useful in our lives. For example, we can find advantages like doing exercise, which can improve our health. On the other hand, we need to take care when doing extreme sports as they can be very dangerous. Another advantage of doing sports is that it is a fun and amazing lifestyle. Additionally, the greatest advantage is that playing any sport can improve our smartness.
In conclusion, doing sports improves many aspects of our lives.
Spinal Cord Injury (SCI): Anatomy, Levels, and Rehabilitation
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Spinal Cord Injury (SCI)
Anatomy of SCI
Shifting and crushing injuries often involve two right angles. White matter, the fluid surrounding the spinal cord, can be pinched, leading to neuron loss. Even after correction, the cord may not fully recover, potentially resulting in loss of function below the injury site. The central canal may be affected. Improvement is possible over time, with the neck being the most susceptible area.
SCI Levels
Neck injuries are more common than thoracic injuries due to the ribs providing additional stability. Cervical injuries (C1-C3) can affect arms, hands, and breathing. C4 injuries impact neck and shoulder movement. C5 injuries limit elbow flexion and shoulder movement. C6 injuries allow wrist extension but limit... Continue reading "Spinal Cord Injury (SCI): Anatomy, Levels, and Rehabilitation" »