Notes, abstracts, papers, exams and problems of Other subjects

MPGC: The M C classifies products based on two criteria: 1) criteria for durability and tangibility: C non-durable goods, durable goods, and b of C ss; 2) the purchase process: convenience, impulse purchase, specialty, and unsought.

PGC: We understand that everyday consumers often acquire products that are frequently destroyed through use, which must necessarily be low-cost replacements. This implies that the buying process usually involves minimal cognitive effort; the search for information and evaluation of alternatives are minimal, if not fundamentally nonexistent. These are referred to as convenience products.

According to the AMA, the PGC is a process of planning and implementing the concept, price, promotion, and distribution of products... Continue reading "Understanding Consumer Behavior in Product Purchase Decisions" »

Escape the Atmosphere

In some situations, it is necessary to evacuate air contaminants, either because their uptake is impractical or because the investment is not economically justified. To carry out an evacuation of the gaseous atmosphere, it is necessary to understand certain characteristics:

1. The emitter source.
2. The behavior of the surrounding atmosphere.

Factors Determining Pollutant Dispersion

The factors determining the dispersion of pollutants are:

A) Weather Factors: Temperature and Wind

1. Temperature

This is the most important effect. When an air mass has a higher temperature than the surrounding air mass, it ascends due to lower density. As it rises, this mass expands, reducing its temperature at a rate of approximately -10°C per kilometer.... Continue reading "Atmospheric Pollutant Dispersion Dynamics" »

Communication Media Relations

Basic Rules

Transcendence of Communication Offices

• Function is necessary.
• How journalists see the source.
• Working hours of journalistic companies.
• Preference for stable, institutional, and easily accessible communication offices.
• Homogenization trends.
• Official statements discourage journalistic research.
• Capacity for misinformation and pressure.
• Risk of uncritically embracing information.

Basic Rules

• Attitude of accuracy.
• Provide information.
• Better to anticipate than to correct information afterward.
• Consistency with professional journalists.
• Maintain constant and honest relations.

Advice from Fortune (For Media Entrepreneurs)

• Responsibility of the top executive.
• Confront the facts.
• Consider the public interest.
• Be a source of news

Quality Product Criteria

A quality product achieves its desired objective at the lowest possible cost.

Quality Healthcare Professionals

Quality healthcare professionals require suitable facilities, advanced technology, and adequate training.

Detecting Quality: Manager's View

Effectiveness is the most detectable quality characteristic for managers. It means achieving objectives efficiently, allowing resource allocation to other needs.

User Perspective on Quality Healthcare

Users value proper personal care, effective treatments, continuity, and efficiency.

Scientific-Technical Quality vs. User Efficiency

Scientific-technical quality is often overlooked by users, especially in public health systems where the cost-benefit relationship isn't direct.

Accreditations

Business Strategy and Strategic Planning

Business Strategy is the path that ensures performance and survival. It covers the definition of objectives and the paths to achieve them. The strategy is the choice of ways to compete: where, how, when, and with whom to compete. It's the way to reach a goal, how to reach a desired situation.

Corporate Strategy

The corporate strategy is used to fully organize the company. This includes:

• Marketing Strategies
• Production Strategies
• HR Strategies
• Other Strategies

Strategic Planning Process

This is a sequential process of analysis and determination of different components:

1. Analysis of the current strategic situation of the company
2. Environmental analysis (threats and opportunities)
3. Internal analysis (strengths and weaknesses)

Legislative Pyramid

• Constitution
• Laws, Decree-Law, International Treaties
• Supreme Decree, Decree
• Simple Regulations
• Resolutions

Principles

Preventive

• Environmental education
• Management plans, prevention, or decontamination
• Environmental quality standards and emission

Gradualism

• Arrange interests
• Build in stages (environmental standards, EIA legislation, sectoral audit)

Realism and Integration

• Act on what is
• There are no immediate solutions
• Perform building, not just control
• Opening economic tools
• Environmental cost internalization

Responsibility

• Have criminal liability or fraud guilt

Participatory

• Advertising for new projects
• Local organizations may challenge new projects
• Building Advisory Council - for public procedures
• Setting environmental quality standards

How to

Organizational Chart

Schematic representation of agencies and units of a particular school and their mutual relations. It is the letter of the structure: It represents strictly the formal structure and manifest.

• Includes: organs, levels of authority, and relationships.

We provide an understanding of the organization and the opportunity to reflect on and improve it. For its development, we must consider:

• Clarity: easy reading.
• Accuracy: contain all the elements.
• Up-to-date: reflection of present reality.

LODE Management Model (1985)

• Three years in the faculty.
• A year spent in the center and final destination in the same.
• Term of office of three years.

New Model of Leadership:

• Elective (chosen by the School Board).
• Non-professional (LODE) / Professional (

Core Management Concepts

Social Aspects: Obligation, sensitivity, responsibility

Organizational Analysis: Strengths, weaknesses, core competencies

Structure: Division of labor, career paths, impersonality, formal rules, formal selection, hierarchy

Organizational Influence: Defines employee behavior, influences marketing, fosters team spirit

Culture: Rituals, symbols, language

Leadership Roles

Authority figure, leader, supervisor, spokesman, entrepreneur, negotiator

Decision-Making Types

Intuitive Decisions

Based on experience, feelings, wisdom, or prior knowledge

Ethical Decisions

Based on cultural or ethical values

Intellectual Decisions

Based on skills, knowledge, and training

Environmental Factors

Legal Environment

Political and legal procedures vary by... Continue reading "Essential Management Principles: Decision-Making and Organizational Culture" »

Management Definition

Administration comes etymologically from the Latin, meaning "action to manage." The latter term is composed of ad and minister, which together mean "to serve." This implies that administration is an activity devoted to service and cooperation.

Purpose of Management

The aim of administration is to get the company to achieve productivity, i.e., a balance between efficiency and effectiveness.

• Efficiency: The ability to minimize the resources consumed to achieve the objectives of the organization. "Do things right."
• Effectiveness: The ability to determine appropriate goals. "Do the right things."

Importance of Management

Administration is very important in this era, full of complexities, changes, and uncertainties. Sustaining a business... Continue reading "Business Management: Definition, Principles, and Importance" »

Theme 1: Company and Organization

Company: An institution where a diverse group of people transform resources into goods and/or services to meet needs and obtain benefits. It must be understood as a technical, economic, social, and political decision-making unit.

Organization: A group of people with the means and/or adequate resources, functioning through a set of established rules and procedures to achieve a particular purpose. They require physical, financial, technological, and human resources.

Difference: Firms are a type of organization that differ from others because, although they may have other purposes, profit is necessary for their creation and maintenance.

Functional Subsystems:

• Procurement: Responsible for decisions relating to the purchasing