Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for Other subjects

What is a System?

A system is a set of interrelated and interdependent elements. It is a whole composed of parts that communicate with each other, creating synergy.

Tickets (Inputs)

This refers to the dataset that feeds the system.

Outputs

This refers to the dataset that the system delivers as a result.

System Environment

The environment is the medium through which the system interacts.

Process

The process transforms an input into an output. This could be a machine, an individual, a computer, a chemical reaction, a task performed by a member of an organization, etc.

Black Box Concept

The black box is used to represent systems when the internal components or processes are unknown or not detailed.

Closed and Open Systems

Systems are classified as either open... Continue reading "Core Concepts of Systems Theory Explained" »

Description of Environmental Noise

Noise is the most common contaminant and can be defined as any sound that the recipient qualifies as annoying, undesirable, inappropriate, or objectionable. What is music to one person may be classified as noise to another. In a broader sense, noise is any unwanted sound perceived by the receiver, and sound is defined as any physical agent that stimulates the sense of hearing.

Noise Pollution

Noise pollution is defined as interference in normal activities. That is, not simply the existence of high levels of noise, but people at risk and carrying out activities incompatible with such noise levels.

Noise Characteristics

• It is a spontaneous phenomenon that is linked to the activity schedule producing it.
• It does not

Manager's Role

The manager's role is to get things done through people. They are responsible for carrying out the vision, mission, and objectives of the company.

Management Defined

Management is a resource process that integrates previously unrelated elements to create something greater than the sum of its parts.

Elements of Management

• Planning: Strategic, operational, staffing, and daily planning.
• Organization: Distribution of work and delegation.
• Leadership: Motivating, giving orders, influencing, and fostering teamwork.
• Delegation: Transferring a specific task to another person for a specific activity.
• Control: Setting standards, measuring results, comparing results against standards, and taking corrective action.

Skills Needed in Managerial Levels

• Technical

1. Leadership Habits Background

Information Habit

Capturing information (technologies, processes, markets, competitors, trends, progress reports, dashboards, etc.).

• Process
• Make Sense
• Enrichment
• Use it
• Distribute between internal and/or external customers

Strategic Vision Habit

• Management of imagination
• Itemize, enrich, and redefine the vision of company or department
• Includes network-specific objectives forming its strategy
• Commitment, excitement, enthusiasm, not mere participation

Results Habit

Focus on responsibility for results in view of the vision.

• Focusing on importance and opportunities
• Establish goals
• Organize yourself

Delegation Habit

• Effectively organize or sponsor others, granting authority, requiring empowerment and responsibility
• Establish a demanding,

Multiple Choice Questions on Negotiation

Item 11: Negotiation Fundamentals

To be able to give a negotiation process:

• A) There must be more than two parties.

In negotiation, to resolve the conflict, use:

• A) Dialogue and discussion.

When deciding where in negotiating a relationship of interdependence, we mean:

• C) Results of the protagonist also have to do with the conduct of the other party.

According to the characteristics of the interaction, negotiation can be divided into:

• B) Distributive and cooperative.

In negotiating through representatives:

• C) Negotiators defend the interests of a wider group.

The motivations of the negotiators that most influence the process are:

Generally, more competitive negotiators act:

Materials that can regulate collective agreements

Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA)

SEA (Directive 2001/42): Evaluates the environmental consequences of policies, plans, and programs to ensure environmental considerations are properly included and addressed early in decision-making. It considers social and economic consequences equally.

Differences Between SEA and EIA

SEA vs. EIA: While EIA is involved in the planning process, it is often a late and punctual assessment, applying to projects after they have already been defined. SEA operates at a higher level of planning, ensuring environmental aspects are considered early in policy formulation.

Advantages of SEA over EIA

Advantages of SEA: SEA assesses different alternatives early in the planning process and provides cumulative impacts of... Continue reading "Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) vs. Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)" »

Body Rotation in Physical Education

Concept and Importance

Introducing tasks that require body rotation offers students:

• A new motor challenge that expands their motor skills repertoire.
• The need to develop active and general coordination, often including balance.
• Enhanced management and control of the body in space, including impulse control to manage inertia during turns and the effect of gravity.
• A tool for developing body awareness.
• A different way of perceiving space, requiring precise adjustment to space-time relations.

Types of Rotation

Rotations can be categorized based on:

• Type of support:
  • Rotations in contact with the ground.
  • Suspended rotations.
  • Rotations with constant hand grip.
  • Rotations with multiple and successive supports and suspensions.

Effective Business Planning

Planning involves setting objectives and deciding on strategies and tasks to achieve them. Organizations cannot effectively manage and control without adequate plans:

Types of Plans

• Short-term plans: Typically have a time horizon of up to one year. These are tactical plans to achieve long-term objectives.
• Long-term plans: Have a variable duration, from 2 to 30 years, but usually span 3 to 5 years. This is called strategic planning, which involves:
  • Determining the organization's mission.
  • Analyzing the internal and external environment.
  • Setting targets to reach within a defined timeframe.
  • Developing strategies to implement the plans.

Elements of Plans

• Objectives: Targets or desired results.
• Policies: Guidelines for thinking and