Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for Law & Jurisprudence

Case Holdings

Partition of Land
Any joint owner of land or joint owner of tenancy can make application for partition of holding. The application for the partition of land is filed before the land revenue officer. A person who has no share in land cannot file suit of partition of the land.
2. Relevant Provision:
Sec. 135 to 150 Land Revenue Act 1967.
3. Application for Partition of Land:
According to Sec. 135 any joint owner of land may apply to a revenue officer for partition of his share in the land.
(i) Conditions for Filing Application:
(a) At the date of application the share is recorded under Chapter VI as belonging to him or.
(b) His right to the share has been established by a decree which is still subsisting as that date or.
(c) A written acknowledgement... Continue reading "Land Revenue Act: Partition, Record of Rights, and Recovery of Arrears" »

Damages

Money that a defendant pays a plaintiff in a civil case if the plaintiff has won.

Defendant

An individual (or business) against whom a lawsuit is filed.

Habeas Corpus

Meaning "you have the body." A writ of habeas corpus generally is a judicial order forcing law enforcement authorities to produce a prisoner they are holding, and to justify the prisoner's continued confinement.

Issue

1. The disputed point between parties in a lawsuit;
2. To send out officially, as in a court issuing an order.

Mistrial

An invalid trial, caused by fundamental error.

Panel

1. In appellate cases, a group of judges (usually three) assigned to decide the case;
2. In the jury selection process

Plaintiff

A person or business that files a formal complaint with the court.

Plea

The defendant'... Continue reading "Legal Glossary: Essential Terms for Understanding the Law" »

IR theories:

PUBLIC ORDER AND SAFETY OFFENSES:

Designed to protect the general public by dealing with behavior that is not necessarily morally wrong but nonetheless affects the peace and safety of the community.

BREACH OF PEACE

At C/L any voluntary action that disturbed a community’s peace without lawful justification or excuse was considered a crime.

UNLAWFUL ASSEMBLY

• ROUT – NJ 2C:33-1b unlawful assembly
• RIOT – NJ 2C:33-1 unlawful assembly
• DISORDERLY CONDUCT – not a crime at C/L .341

N.J.S.A. 2C:33-2, which proscribes disorderly conduct, provides:

• Improper behavior. A person is guilty of a petty disorderly persons offense, if with purpose to cause public inconvenience, annoyance or alarm, or recklessly creating risk thereof he
• Engages in fighting or threatening,

THE STATE

Institutions to organize the people.

Formed by: population, territory

Under: The power of the state

Functions: established laws, enforce laws, govern

TERRITORY

• Associated with the territory they run and govern
• Defined by borders that separate them from other states and their territories.
• Can't make decisions outside their borders.
• If rules aren't respected, conflicts arise between states.

PEOPLE

• Have the same rights for everyone.
• Don't necessarily have the same social, political, and cultural background.
• It's common for people of different cultures and nationalities to live in the same state.

DEMOCRACY

• Equality: before the law, personal social and political rights, opportunities
• Justice: people, groups, individuals/groups, communities/countries
• Freedom:

The Person

Definition

An entity with the capacity to have rights and obligations.

Individual Person (Natural Person)

• Start: Birth
• Extinction: Death
• Capacity:
  • Full (to have rights and obligations)
  • In action (capacity to enter into contracts on one's own)

Group of Persons (Legal Entities)

A group of different people joined together with a common purpose. There are two types of collective entities:

Associations of Public Interests:

Cannot divide profits among its members.

• Foundations: The aim cannot change.
• Associations: The aim can change.
• Corporations: Created by public authority, do not have shareholders, and have to provide an efficient public service.

Private Legal Entities:

Profit can be divided. These are commercial and civil legal entities.

• Start: Constitutional

7. Gruber 7.4

People in my neighborhood pay annual dues to a neighborhood association. This association refunds neighborhood dues to selected homeowners who do a particularly nice job in beautifying their yards.

a. Why might the neighborhood association provide this refund?

If the neighborhood association provides a refund to homeowners who do a nice job beautifying their yards, they are providing an incentive for other neighbors to beautify their own yards and a subsidy to make the neighborhood beautiful. By providing more of this good, they provide with a positive external social benefit for the whole neighborhood.

The neighborhood association collects annual dues with the purpose to provide external social benefit. If the neighborhood looks

The Mysterious Letter from My Grandfather

This story began a long time ago when I was ordering the memories of my recently deceased grandfather. Among his memories, I found a dirty box full of photographs, letters and postcards. Among all his belongings was a closed letter with my name. In the envelope, I could read "For my granddaughter." When I opened the letter and read the text, I could not believe what I had written. In this letter, my grandfather explained to me that when he was young, he and his brother found an incredible object. However, for security reasons, they decided to hide it in a safe place. What do you think that happened?

Exciting Rafting Adventures

One of the most exciting team activities you can do in the natural environment... Continue reading "Exciting Rafting Adventures and Personality Tests for Job Candidates" »