Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for French

Noun: A noun is a word that identifies a person, animal, place, thing, or idea.

Concrete nouns are the names of things or people that we experience through our senses: sight, hearing, smell, touch, or taste. Most nouns are concrete nouns.

For example:

Cats, dogs, tables, chairs, buses, and teachers are all concrete nouns.

Nouns name people, places, and things.

Abstract nouns cannot be detected by your five senses. You cannot see them, hear them, smell them, taste them, or feel them. Examples include dedication, destruction, curiosity, happiness, intelligence, and loyalty.

Proper nouns have two distinct features: They name specific, one-of-a-kind items, and they begin with capital letters, no matter where they occur within a sentence.

A noun is a word... Continue reading "Nouns, Pronouns, and Verbs: A Guide to English Grammar" »

ENG 103: Introduction to Campus Journalism

Lesson 1: Campus Journalism Overview

Scope:

• Written
• Oral
• Visual

Campus Paper:

A free school newspaper that educates students and the community.

Functions:

• Aids students, schools, and the community

Other Functions (by Harold Spears and C.H. Lawshe Jr.):

• Information
• Opinion
• Education
• Watchdog
• Laboratory
• Documentation
• Entertainment
• Developmental

Sections & Parts:

A. Front Page:

• Local news, foreign news, dateline, weather, index
• Nameplate: Printed name of the newspaper
• Ears: Little boxes on either side of the nameplate
• Banner: The principal headline (Streamer - if it runs across the page)
• Running head: Headline made up of 2 or more lines
• Headline: Title of any news or story
• Deck: Subordinate headline placed below the motherline

Linking Words and Connectors

Connectors are essential for building complex sentences and expressing relationships between ideas.

Principal Connectors

• Contrast/Concession: in spite of (+ verb -ing), although, despite.
• Reason/Result: as a result of, both... and, neither... nor (meaning: not either).

Sentence Adverbs (Following Punctuation)

• Contrast: however, nevertheless (meaning: nonetheless/in spite of that).
• Addition: moreover, furthermore (meaning: additionally).

Medial Connectors (Within the Sentence)

• Purpose: in order to (meaning: for the purpose of).
• Contrast: whereas (meaning: while/in contrast).
• Reason: due (meaning: due to/because of).
• Result: so (meaning: so that/consequently).
• Addition: as well as (meaning: in addition to).

Intensifiers and Degree

The Internet's Impact on Daily Life

Nowadays, I use the internet almost like a hobby. I can communicate with my friends very easily. Since the internet was created, you have many options in your life, for example, in your hobbies or in your studies. It's easier to find things, to find jobs, to watch films, and to listen to music. I usually use the internet for reading news in the online newspaper. I can play with my friends online. And the most important thing: I can do my homework, and I can study via the internet. I'm doing a course now, and I need the internet for it. Also, I can buy many things online because there are many online shops. Previously, you couldn't imagine this. This was impossible. The internet allows me to be in contact with... Continue reading "Internet: Transforming Communication and Daily Life" »

The Cornwall Mystery

Linda Stevenson, a 16-year-old from London, moves with her family to Cornwall. Life there seems very quiet after the hustle and bustle of London. However, something unexpected happens: one morning, she finds a corpse on the beach. She tells the police, and they search for the body, but they don't find it. Since no one has reported a missing person, they don't believe her. Then, Linda meets Mark, and together they set out to solve the mystery. Little by little, they discover clues that help them piece together the puzzle.

The Discovery

Linda Stevenson lives in a small village (Permarron) in Cornwall. She is 16 years old and has moved from London. On the beach, she finds a corpse but when she tells the police, the corpse is... Continue reading "Cornwall Mystery: Linda and Mark's Beach Corpse Investigation" »

Morphology: The Study of the Internal Structure of Words

Syntax: The Study of the Combination of Words

Semantics: The Study of the Meaning of Linguistic Expressions

Prefixes

• Negation: a-theist / dis-obey / in-complete / non-smoker / un-wise
• Reversal: de-frost / dis-connect / un-mask
• Disparaging: mal-function / mis-lead / pseudo-event
• Size or degree: arch-enemy / co-pilot / hyper-market / mega-loan / mini-skirt / sub-conscious / super-market / sur-charge / ultra-modern / vice-president
• Orientation: anticlockwise / auto-suggestion / contra-indicate / counterclockwise
• Location and distance: extra-terrestrial / inter-play / intra-venous / pan-African / super-structure / tele-scope / trans-plant
• Time and order: ex-husband / fore-shadow / neo-Gothic / paleo-

Literary Terms and Writing Techniques

Compare or Contrast Organization

A pattern of organization in which an author compares two or more subjects by explaining how they are similar and different.

Word Choice

An author's selection of words.

Denotation

The dictionary definition of every word.

Connotation

The feeling or ideas that people associate with that word.

Essay

• Introduction
• An idea
• The opposite of that idea
• Conclusion

Informal Letter

• Dear,
• Agradecimiento por el letter
• El body
• Conclusion
• Thanks for writing

Story

• Introduction
• Nudo
• Desenlace

Abstract Nouns

• Belief = Creencia
• Concentration = Concentración
• Creativity = Creatividad
• Determination = Determinación
• Luck = Suerte
• Success = Éxito
• Development = Desarrollo
• Agreement = Acuerdo
• Fortune = Fortuna
• Nature = Naturaleza
• Intelligence

Structuring an Argumentative Essay: Pros and Cons

Introduction: Presenting Both Sides

When discussing a particular subject, it's crucial to acknowledge both its positive and negative aspects. This balanced approach allows for a comprehensive understanding of the topic at hand.

Advantages: Exploring the Positive Aspects

On the one hand, [insert topic here] often presents several benefits. For instance, it can lead to [advantage 1]. Another significant advantage is that it [advantage 2].

Disadvantages: Addressing the Negative Aspects

Conversely, [insert topic here] also comes with a number of drawbacks. For example, [disadvantage 1]. A further problem that arises is [disadvantage 2].

Conclusion: Weighing the Arguments

In conclusion, while [insert topic

Living Alone: The Glittering Truth

The Allure of Independence

As young adults, we crave independence. We long to break free from our parents' control and rules, often believing that living alone is the key to achieving true autonomy. We envision a "perfect lifestyle" filled with freedom and rights. However, this independence comes with its own set of responsibilities and challenges.

The Price of Freedom

When living alone, it's easy to neglect chores and embrace disorganization. After all, there's no one to complain about the mess. However, the need to clean and organize eventually arises, reminding us that freedom doesn't exempt us from responsibility.

While we relish the freedom to choose our meals, we also become responsible for grocery shopping... Continue reading "The Impact of Electricity: A World Powered by Innovation" »

Binge-Watching Effects

During lockdowns, binge-watching served as a distraction from negativity and filled excessive spare time, becoming a coping mechanism for overthinking.

However, excessive binge-watching can lead to mental health issues like insomnia and anxiety. Humans are social creatures, and compulsive binge-watching combined with social media overuse can cause loneliness and depression.

While occasional TV watching is relaxing, daily marathons risk addiction and social withdrawal. The negative effects often outweigh stress relief. It's crucial to find a balance in TV consumption.

Pollution's Impact on Wildlife

Introduction

This report examines pollution's effects on local wildlife and proposes improvements and regulations to protect the... Continue reading "Binge-Watching and Pollution: Impacts on Mental and Environmental Health" »