Notes, abstracts, papers, exams and problems of English

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Martyrdom and Release: A Catholic Interpretation of Mary Stuart's Execution

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Mary's Perspective on Life and Death

In the fifth stanza, Mary presents death not only as positive but also life as negative. This is a typical Catholic move, to undersell earthly life in favor of eternal life after death.

Mary did have a turbulent life. She married a French Dauphin, and after his premature death, she married Lord Darnley, a womanizer and alcoholic who committed murder out of jealousy. Darnley was later found dead, and Mary married the prime suspect of the crime, the Earl of Bothwell. She was then chased by the Scots and imprisoned for 17 years, suspected of plotting to overthrow Elizabeth, until her execution.

In verse 19, we read: “my speedy death has shortened long annoy”; she would have spent more years in prison had she... Continue reading "Martyrdom and Release: A Catholic Interpretation of Mary Stuart's Execution" »

The Pearl by John Steinbeck: Summary and Key Events

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Chapter 1: The Scorpion's Sting

A scorpion stings Coyotito, Kino and Juana's baby.

They seek help from the doctor.

Chapter 2: The Doctor's Refusal

  1. Kino and Juana realize their clothes are old, and Juana's shawl has holes.
  2. Kino plans to pay the doctor with pearls.
  3. The doctor refuses to see Coyotito, claiming to be unavailable. Kino, enraged, punches the gate.

Chapter 3: The Great Pearl

  1. A man could secure food with a pearl.
  2. Juana prays for Kino to find a pearl.
  3. Oysters live in the oyster beds at the bottom of the sea.
  4. Kino discovers an enormous pearl, the largest in the world.
  5. The pearl's discovery seemingly draws the poison from Coyotito's shoulder.

Chapter 4: Dreams and Fears

  1. Everyone desires the pearl, and Kino stands in their way.
  2. Kino dreams of marrying
... Continue reading "The Pearl by John Steinbeck: Summary and Key Events" »

- "You say you want to die for love, but you know nothing of death, and know nothing of love

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inf + to
-afford, -agree -appear -arrange -ask -attempt -beg -choose -dare -decide -demand -deserve -expect -fail -hesitate -hope -intend -learn -manage -need -offer -prepare -pretend -promise -refuse -seem -threaten -wait -want -wish -would like -brother -plan -prove -tend -discover.


verb+object+to infinitive
-enable -forcé -invite -order -persuade -remind -teach -tell -warn
verb+object+to inf  o verb + to inf
-ask -beg -expect -help -mean -want -would hate -would like  -would love -would prefer

gerundio: admit -advise -avoid -can´t help -cant imagine -cant stand -complete -consider -discuss -dislke -dont mind -enjoy -finish -give up -imagine -keep -miss -practise -sugest -resist -deny -mind -fancy


Travel and Fashion Keywords for Your Next Adventure

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Travel Keywords

beach holiday- city break- coach trip- day trip- five-star accommodation- holiday romance- luxury hotel- return flight -school trip- skiing gear- souvenir shop- train journey- train station- train ticket- train agent- travel companion- travel insurance- winter sports/ come across- come back- get off- get on- put on- put up- set off- set off- stop off- take off- turn back//

Fashion Keywords

baggy- casual- clashing- colourful- comfortable- cool- dull- impractical- matching- patterned- plain - practical -smart- tight - uncomfortable - uncool - design- export - exporter- grow- grower - import- importer- manufacture- manufacturer- produce- producer- shop- shopper- supplier- supply- work - worker

Choosing a Dog for Companionship & Countryside vs. Beach Holidays

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Choosing a Dog for Companionship

Dear Chris,

It was great to hear from you. I have been thinking for a few days about how things have been going since the last time we spoke!

I think that your grandmother has had a great idea of getting a pet to keep her company. Animals are always a good option to feel loved and accompanied.

If I were you, I’d go for a dog, as it’s a very good animal for such occasions, and it will make her have to move from home to take him out for a walk. There are several different varieties to choose from, but I think that the best option for your grandmother is a little dog like a Yorkshire, or a Bichon Maltes, or some mini dogs like this, just because they are very quiet.

The other good thing about dogs is that they are... Continue reading "Choosing a Dog for Companionship & Countryside vs. Beach Holidays" »

Essential Vocabulary and Grammar for Technology

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Vocabulary

Everyday Inventions:
digital camera = cámara digital
dishwasher = lavavajillas
e-reader = lector electrónico
fridge-freezer = nevera
headphones = auriculares
home cinema system = sistema de cine para el hogar
laptop = portatil
microwave oven = microondas
mobile phone = mòvil
MP3 player music system = reproductor MP3
remote control = control remoto
satnav = navegación por satélite
speaker = altavoz
vacuum cleaner = aspiradora
washing machine = lavadora


Operating Technology:
charge/recharge (a battery) = cargar/recargar
connect X to Y = conectar X a Y
insert = insertar
plug in = enchufar
press a button = presiona un botón
select (a network/a programme/a track/a function) = selecciona
switch/turn on/off = encender/apagar
tap (the screen) = tocar


Prepositional

... Continue reading "Essential Vocabulary and Grammar for Technology" »

The Sick Rose: Analysis of William Blake's Poem

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The speaker is telling a rose that it is sick. An invisible worm that flies by night in a howling storm has penetrated its bed or center. Its secretive love is destroying the rose's life.

The poem adopts an abstract approach to the theme dealt with in The Chimney Sweeper (E). Shame and guilt result in attitudes to sexuality and physicality which bring sickness and death rather than life. Many critics find that it eludes definite interpretation. It may be seen as a companion poem to The Blossom in the Songs of Innocence.

This is an elusive poem which needs to be read in the light of Blake's beliefs about sexuality and as a Song of Experience.

EXP after the FALL:

Experience tends towards dominance, establishing itself as the only vision of reality.... Continue reading "The Sick Rose: Analysis of William Blake's Poem" »

Antibiotics, Washing Machines, and 'Castle' TV Series

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Antibiotics: A 20th-Century Revolution

Antibiotics were one of the most significant inventions of the 20th century. They are used to cure many diseases that were once fatal, such as pneumonia and cholera. However, using antibiotics too often can cause problems. For example, bacteria can develop resistance to them, rendering them ineffective.

The Discovery and Impact of Antibiotics

Antibiotics were discovered by Louis Pasteur in France in 1887. Antibiotics are obtained from microorganisms and work by destroying other microorganisms. This therapeutic action has saved many lives.

Antibiotics are beneficial because they cure many diseases. The main disadvantage is that doctors should prescribe them only when absolutely necessary because bacteria may... Continue reading "Antibiotics, Washing Machines, and 'Castle' TV Series" »

Essential English for Job Hunting and Communication

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Job Hunting and Communication Essentials

Job Search

Job hunting is a synonym for job search. When you pick up the phone and the speaker wants to talk to you, you say: "Speaking". In your cover letter, you explain why you are keen on that particular job and why you think you are a good candidate for it. The European model of CV is known as Europass.

Email Etiquette

Electronic mail, or email, is a quick way of sending messages to people using the internet. How do we read the symbol @ when we write an email address? At. Give a synonym for junk mail. Spam. The files, documents, photos, and attachments that you send in your email are called attachments. The subject line is where we give an idea of what the email is about. To forward is to send the email... Continue reading "Essential English for Job Hunting and Communication" »

English Grammar Exercises and School Subjects Matching

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English Grammar Exercises

-I've got some lannzas for kin

-There aren't any oranges on the table
-Have you got any brothers and sisters
-There is some milk in the fridge
-This salad is in full, there isn't any salt in it
-Well done, there aren't any mistakes in your test
-She got some beautiful postcards from London
-Is there any sugar
-There are some books in the desk
-There is some soup for you in the fridge
-Mary has got some cheese, let's make sandwiches
-Has she got any coins in England
-They have got some sugar, some eggs, some butter, but they haven't got any milk
-Is there any margarine
-Are there any eggs, Nick
-I can't make a cake because I can't find any flour


Use of 'How much-How many, some, any'

-How many teachers are there in your school
-There aren'
... Continue reading "English Grammar Exercises and School Subjects Matching" »