Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for English

Topic 1: Travel and Experiences

Vocabulary

• 1. Nature & Travel: 1) Vegetation, 2) Fauna, 3) Mouth-watering, 4) Accommodation, 5) Exotic.
• 2. Airport Terms: 1) Check-in, 2) Departure lounge, 3) Boarding gate, 4) Boarding passes, 5) Cabin, 6) Carry-on luggage, 7) Connection, 8) Aircraft, 9) Customs, 10) Arrivals.
• 3. Phrasal Verbs: 1) Run into, 2) Checked out, 3) Stay out, 4) Fill up, 5) Check in, 6) Getting around.

Grammar

• 1. Tenses: 1) Have never liked, 2) Go, 3) Is skiing, 4) Have you ever posted, 5) Have been looking for.
• 5. Narrative Tenses: 1) Was travelling, met, had visited; 2) Arrived, had gone, was sleeping; 3) Have never been, left, was feeling; 4) Were sightseeing, stole, had left.
• 6. Future Forms: 1) Will, 2) Leaves, 3) Going to, 4) Doesn'

Letter to a Friend About a Trip

From: [Your Name]

To: [Friend’s Name]

Subject: My Trip to Canada

Hi [Friend’s Name],

How are you? I have amazing news! I’m going to Canada for three weeks to study English!

I’ll be arriving on January 15th and staying at a student residence close to the school. My course has 20 lessons a week, and I’ll take morning classes. In the afternoons, I plan to join some activities, like city tours and maybe trying fun things like ice skating. I also want to explore and enjoy Canadian food. It’s going to be so exciting!

I hope you’re doing well. Do you think I should pack anything special for the trip? Let me know!

Take care,

[Your Name]

Family Vacation in La Serena, Chile

I went on vacation in February with my family... Continue reading "Canada Trip & Family Vacation: Travel Stories & Johnny Depp Bio" »

Relative Clauses: Key Usage

• Who / That: People
• Which / That: Things
• Where: Places
• When: Times
• Whose: Possession

Example: Arguiñano, where I celebrated my event, is a great restaurant (extra information).

Defining Clauses

She is the girl who I met in N.Y.; She is the girl whose father…; She is the girl that…

Non-Defining Clauses (Extra Information)

These complement another sentence and are set off by commas.

Modal Verbs: Functions and Usage

• Ability in the Past: (was/were) Be able to; Could
• Advice: Should
• Obligation: Must; Have to
• Lack of Obligation: Don’t have to
• Certainty: True (Must) / Impossible (Can’t)
• Possibility: May; Might; Could
• Polite Request: Would you...?
• Prohibition: Mustn't
• Permission: Can I...?; May I...?; Could I...?

Modals in the Past: Modal

Passive Voice & Quantifiers

Passive Voice

• do → is done
• is doing → is being done
• did → was done
• was doing → was being done
• have done → has been done
• had done → had been done
• will do → will be done
• is going to do → is going to be done

Quantifiers

• Large: a lot of, much (uncountable), many (countable), plenty of
• Small: a few (countable), little (uncountable)
• More or less: too big, too many, enough
• Zero: any, no

Relative Clauses

• that → who/which (ese/que)
• who → people (quien)
• which → things/animal (cual)
• where → places (dónde)
• whose → mean possession (cuyo)

Modals

must have → el conductor se debería haber perdido

might/may have → se debe haber comprado una casa nueva

could have → podrías haber evitado el accidente

should have → debería... Continue reading "Mastering English Grammar: Passive Voice, Clauses & Conditionals" »

Versatile Writing Templates for Every Situation

This document provides structured templates for various communication scenarios, ranging from personal messages to formal complaints and narrative accounts.

1. Personal and Professional Correspondence

I am writing this because I recently experienced a situation related to this topic. It is essential to consider how these events affect our daily lives.

2. Structuring Your Narrative

On the one hand, everything seemed fine at first. However, circumstances changed, leading to unexpected challenges that required patience or immediate attention.

3. Addressing Unexpected Problems

On the other hand, a strange problem occurred. Whether dealing with public transport issues, customer service failures, or personal... Continue reading "Mastering Formal and Informal Writing Templates" »

Essential English Irregular Verbs: Part One

Mastering English irregular verbs is a fundamental step for any learner. This list provides the Infinitive, Past Simple, and Past Participle forms, paired with their Basque (Euskara) equivalents to help you build your vocabulary.

Essential

Essay Structure

1. Introduction

• Nowadays, [tema] is a subject of great debate.
• While some people believe that [idea A], others argue that [idea B].
• This essay will discuss some key aspects regarding this issue.

2. First Body Paragraph

• To begin with, [primer aspecto].
• Furthermore, it is important to remember that [añadir].
• For instance, [ejemplo].
• As a result, this situation affects many people.

3. Second Body Paragraph

• However, another crucial point to consider is [segundo punto].
• Indeed, [por qué es preocupante].
• In addition, [otro detalle].
• Some are ready for this, whereas others still need more resources.

4. Conclusion

• In conclusion, taking everything into account, it is clear that [resumen].
• Although there are some risks, I strongly believe that the benefits

Vocabulary Exercises

1. Ariketa

• 1) Due, delayed
• 2) Sharp, on time
• 3) Deadline, take your time
• 4) Brief, drag on

2. Ariketa

• 1) Off
• 2) Stood
• 3) Drives
• 4) On
• 5) Short
• 6) No

3. Ariketa

• 1) Undergraduate
• 2) Field
• 3) Hired
• 4) Internship
• 5) Full-time
• 6) Staff
• 7) Dull
• 8) Hardworking
• 9) Overtime
• 10) Praises

Grammar Exercises

1. She is thought to be a positive role model by many fans.
2. Our friends in Canada are being sent some Christmas cards by us.
3. The meeting may not have finished yet.
4. She can't have seen us.
5. My friend asked me why I hadn't come to her party the week before.
6. My father warned me not to drive so fast because the road was quite slippery.
7. If they had had enough money, they would have bought the car.
8. K. Argiñano, whose son is also a good cook, is a famous chef.
9. If we warm

Exercise 1: Vocabulary Identification

• Issues
• Overpopulation
• Moreover
• Homelessness
• Famine
• Cheated
• Expelled
• Fell
• Subjects
• Sororities
• Diet
• Publicity
• Unfit
• Get involved
• Lose
• Creative
• Passionate
• Irresponsible
• Importance
• Tolerant

Exercise 2: Vocabulary Matching and Definitions

• Nation: national, country
• Folklore: culture
• Reception: host
• Color of skin: race
• Country of origin: nationality
• The condition of being a woman or a man: gender
• 8. Immigrants
• Armed conflicts: wars
• Illnesses: diseases
• Extreme weather conditions: climate change
• Displaced people: refugees
• Really cheap: bargain
• Reduction: discount
• Used: second-hand
• Wait in line:
• Coins and notes: cash
• Plastic money: a credit card
• Ask for money from a friend: borrow
• To give money on the condition of repayment: lend

Exercise 3: Verb Tenses

I start my work at 7:30 a.M. I bring my tools, including pliers, a screwdriver, wire cutters, and a voltage tester. I also carry a tool belt to keep everything organized. During the day, I install new electrical wiring, repair faulty circuits, and read blueprints to understand wiring plans. Sometimes, I troubleshoot electrical problems in homes or offices. Safety is very important in my job. I always wear safety gloves, goggles, and a helmet to protect myself. I also use a multimeter to check for live wires before touching them. I make sure to follow all safety rules to prevent accidents. I finish work at 4:30 p.M. Before leaving, I clean my tools, put everything back in my toolbox, and check my schedule for the next day. This helps me stay... Continue reading "I choose to live" »