Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for English

Modal verbs.

Can = Possibility or ability (Power, I)
Can not = Can not
Could = Past of can (could, might)
Could not = could not
May = Ability to do something, leave (Power, I)
May not = Can not
Might = Possible future to do something (could)
Might not = could not ... .... They might not work
May / Might + have + past = past verb
Security Must = somewhat true (you)
You must Musn't =
Must + have + past verb = Past
Should = Convenience, obligation (should)
Should = you should not. .......... He should go
Should + have + past verb = Past
Would = Offers, Invitations, desire (wish, wish).
Will = Future tense
Denial will not = will ... .. We will not help
Ought to = should
Oughtnt to = should not
Have to have that denial = Does not... Continue reading "Modal verbs, imperative and connectors" »

English Grammar Practice

This section presents a series of grammar exercises from the 2022-2023 academic year, focusing on sentence completion, voice transformation, and sentence restructuring.

Sentence Completion & Vocabulary

• "Would you mind lending John a hand at tomorrow's meeting?"
• "Please, stay in your seats until the bell rings."
• "Shall we take the poster off the wall? It's outdated."
• "Emily invited some friends to her birthday dinner but everyone declined."

Active Voice Transformation

Original: "Who is Peter being tutored by in his Study Abroad Programme?"

Transformed: "Who is tutoring Peter in his Study Abroad Programme?"

Passive Voice Transformation

Original: "They are going to pay Lisa's debts as soon as the money gets through."

Transformed:

Essential English Vocabulary and Phrases

Common Phrasal Verbs

• Stay on: To continue in a place, position, or situation.
• Save up: To accumulate money for future use.
• Look up: To search for something on the internet or in a book.
• Look up to: To admire someone or something.

Money and Education

• Earning money: Getting money for work that you do.
• Allowance: An amount of money given regularly.
• Changed my mind: Had a change of opinion.
• Encourage: To inspire or motivate.
• Skip: To avoid going to; to miss.
• Immediately: Straight away.
• Career: A chosen pursuit; a profession or occupation.
• Degree: An academic title conferred by universities and colleges upon completion of studies, or as an honorary recognition of achievement.
• A-level: Exams which students in England and

Summary of Gathering Blue: Chapters 1-8

The story begins with Kira, a girl born with a damaged leg who walks with difficulty. In her community, the weak or disabled are typically abandoned to die in the Field. Following her mother's death, Kira is left alone. According to village rules, she should not survive because she is not considered "strong." Several women in the village, particularly Vandara, demand she be sent to the Field.

The Trial

Kira is brought before the Council of Guardians to determine her fate. During the trial:

• Vandara accuses her of being useless.
• Kira defends her right to live.
• It is revealed that Kira possesses an extraordinary talent for embroidery.

Instead of expelling her, the Council decides that Kira may stay—not out of... Continue reading "Gathering Blue: Summary and Analysis of Chapters 1-8" »

English Language Practice: Advanced Skills Review

1. Essential Collocations and Phrases

• a. They are engaged.
• b. Don't ignore.
• c. I envy you.
• d. A very nice discount.
• e. Could I borrow?
• f. They got divorced.
• g. My favorite shopping spree.
• h. If you can lend, pay back.
• i. In my budget.
• j. We have grown apart.

2. Mastering Prepositions

• Don't stare at.
• Are going to be on.
• Always depend on.
• Complaining about.
• We have run out of.

3. Gerunds and Infinitives in Use

• Keen on going.
• Have decided to buy.
• We can afford to eat.
• Smoking is a bad habit.
• We stopped to say.

4. Business and Money Idioms

• Been on another shopping spree.
• They will go out of business.
• Only just make ends meet.
• I'm going to be worth it.
• I'm not sure it will foot the bill.
• Is going to shop around.
• If you live beyond

Formal Complaint Letter

Hospital Managing Director
Carretera Torrebonica, Terrassa, Barcelona
08227
15 March 2014

Dear Director,

I am writing to formally complain about the treatment I received during my recent four-day stay at your hospital.

First, I would like to express my dissatisfaction with the nursing staff. They were consistently unfriendly and appeared unapproachable. When I required urgent assistance, there were significant delays. Furthermore, the care provided lacked gentleness and compassion; tasks were performed hastily and poorly.

Secondly, I am dissatisfied with the hospital's facilities and conditions:

• Bed Quality: The bed in my room was broken and produced a loud, persistent noise that prevented me from sleeping.
• Utilities: There was

Vocabulary

1. Complete the words

• 1. A matter of life and death
• 2. Work part-time
• 3. Scholarship
• 4. Laughing
• 5. Matter
• 6. Field
• 7. Immerse
• 8. Get around to

2. Choose the correct answer

1. Encourages
2. Open-air
3. Host
4. Accustomed
5. Fact
6. Deals
7. Long-lasting
8. Like-minded

3. Complete the text (A School)

1. Compulsory
2. Punishment
3. Look back
4. Expects
5. Stubborn
6. Half-hearted
7. Kind-hearted
8. Matter of time

4. Match the phrasal verbs

• 1. I hope you don't drop out of school.
• 2. A lot of people look up to Simon.
• 3. You should think over the decision.
• 4. I hope my friend backs me up.
• 5. A good friend is someone you can count on at all times.
• 6. Remember to hand in the homework tomorrow.
• 7. It isn't easy, but I'll get by on my own.
• 8. People came to look at the school from near and far.

5. Complete the text (In 1945)

The Disappearance of Russell Pickett

The story begins when two best friends, Aza and Daisy, discover that a billionaire has disappeared. The police are offering a significant financial reward in exchange for information regarding his whereabouts.

Aza Holmes and Her Battle with OCD

The protagonist, Aza, constantly struggles with intrusive thoughts about contracting bacteria. These thoughts often spiral until she feels she has lost control of her life, frequently leading to severe panic attacks.

The Investigation and the Tuatara

While investigating the disappearance, they realize that Aza was childhood friends with the billionaire's son, Davis. They also learn that the billionaire has left his entire inheritance to his pet tuatara, Tua.

Reconnecting

Roald Dahl’s Unique Literary Style

Roald Dahl is renowned for his unique style, characterized by dark humor, surprising twists, and unforgettable characters. In Taste and Other Tales, Dahl presents eight stories that highlight human weaknesses such as greed, arrogance, and revenge. Each narrative is captivating and, most notably, features shocking, unexpected endings.

Key Stories and Themes

• Taste: Richard Pratt, a wine expert, attempts to cheat on a bet. However, a maid exposes his deception, leaving the host, Mike Schofield, deeply embarrassed. This story illustrates that people are not always what they seem.
• Swim: William Botibol devises a foolish plan to pretend he has fallen into the water to win a bet. Ultimately, his greed leads to his

Ethical Language & Fair Conduct

Complete the sentences using appropriate words related to fairness and honesty:

1. Calling names to your classmates is not an acceptable thing to do.
2. In fact, doing so is not justifiable. Every person has their own name.
3. Foreigners are people like you and me. Try not to have any prejudice against them.
4. It's unethical to be sharing others' private videos on the internet without permission.
5. I can't believe you paid that much for the concert. That's not reasonable at all.

Legal Terminology & Courtroom Phrases

Match the following definitions with their correct technical legal phrases:

• To give information in a court: To give evidence
• To ask to go to a higher court for another trial: To appeal
• The lawyer who tries to prove