Notes, abstracts, papers, exams and problems of Economy

*SPECIAL JOURNALS: Journals that have amount columns for recording debits and credits to specific general ledger accounts.

*SALES JOURNAL: A special journal used to record only the sale of merchandise on account.

*FOOTING: A column total written in small penciled figures.

*CASH RECEIPTS JOURNAL: A special journal used to record all transactions in which cash is received.

*SCHEDULE OF ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE: A list of each charge customer, the balance in the customer's account, and the total amount due from all accounts.

*PURCHASES JOURNAL: A special journal used to record all transactions in which items are bought on account.

*CASH PAYMENTS JOURNAL: A special journal used to record all transactions in which cash is paid out or decreased.

*SCHEDULE OF

Name three DHS Program Offices

-Office of Child Development and Early Learning (OCDEL); Office of Children, Youth and Families (OCYF); Office of Developmental Programs. (ODP)

Describe what NAS stands for and one change they recommended (Book)

National Academy of Sciences: the need to adjust for cost across geographic regions

Define what SNAP stands for and describe what it provides

-Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program: Provides nutrition benefits to people in need so they can afford to purchase food.

List two effects of poverty as discussed in Power Point

-Negative effects on wellbeing of children, Homelessness, Illness, Poor Academic achievement.

US and Britain underwent a study between 1992 and 2003 regarding “stayers” of poverty. Approximately

The work of the Human Resources department

We all know that recruitment and selection is one of the tasks that the HR department fulfills. The other tasks will be discussed below:

• Recruitment and selection: Involves selecting and attracting the best workers.

Wages and salaries: Must be enough to motivate or attract workers.
Industrial relations: There must be effective communication between departments.
Training programmes: Must meet the training needs of employees and accomplish business objectives.
Health and safety: Must do things according to the law.
Redundancy and dismissal: Must obey all laws when firing workers.

Recruitment and selection

Workers are needed when a business starts up, expands or an existing employee leaves. Businesses use the... Continue reading "Human Resources Department: Recruitment and Selection" »

Dimensions of Corporate Social Responsibility

Philanthropic (Good Citizen)

Ethical (Be Ethical, Right from Wrong)

Legal (Obey the Law)

Economic (Be Profitable)

5 Barriers to Sustainable Consumer Behavior

• Lack of Awareness & Knowledge
• Negative Perceptions
• Distrust
• High Prices
• Low Availability

Measuring Brand Equity

Contributes to positive perceptions of product quality

Qualitative (Free Association/Projective Techniques)

Quantitative (Brand Recognition Research/Brand Recall)

4 Dimensions of BrandAsset Valuator

Differentiation (Brand's Point of Difference)

Relevance (Brand Relates to You)

Esteem (How Well Regarded the Brand Is)

Knowledge (Understanding of the Brand)

Role of Social Media in Branding

• Brand Advocates/Sharing Info/Seeing Discounts/Customer Services
• Allows

Porter’s Five Forces

1. How is a rivalry between competitors?

The need to understand who is direct competitors are right Now. Not always companies that sell the same product compete directly. Although Working with chocolates, the Cacao Show and Copenhagen, for example, do not Focus on the same target audience. In this context, it is necessary to Understand some points: who are the direct competitors (and how to be better Than them)? How companies are grouped (if there are large groups already formed There may be more power to negotiate with suppliers); their brands are already Consolidated and are admired/respected (is it always good to understand why) ?; What are the competitive advantages of competitors (do they have lower costs, Achieve... Continue reading "strategy" »

As the number of eCommerce sites grows each day more and more people prefer to shop online for convenience choices and ease of price comparison online shopping experience is easier than ever before.

On the one hand The huge majority of online stores offer prices that are much lower than what you will find in a physical store. There are some good reasons for it.

Most physical stores have a restricted array of services and products. They could only carry a lot of items, and there are many policies affecting access to services and products. As an example, there may be a certain item that is only available to those versions of the business that you can get from the mall.

Shopping online enables you to find many services and products that you'll not... Continue reading "Invention by experience" »

Causes of the 2011 Financial Crisis

Unethical behavior at all levels. Excessive risk-taking on Wall St and Main St. The blame game.

Mortgage Brokers

Made loans to people who couldn’t pay, sometimes lied about borrowers’ ability to pay.

Homeowners

Borrowed more than they could repay, sometimes lied about their income.

Lenders (Banks and S&Ls)

Excessive risk-taking, made loans to unqualified borrowers, failed to verify borrowers could repay their loans.

Investment Bankers

Excessive risk-taking, misrepresented quality of mortgages to investors, used faulty data to assess risk, pressured lenders to get them more mortgages.

Big Investors

Assumed they could invest without risk, failed to do “due diligence” and check true credit risk of mortgages... Continue reading "Causes of the 2011 Financial Crisis and Economic Policies" »

Human Resource Management (HRM)

Core Functions of HRM

Staffing

The staffing process ensures an organization has the right number of employees with the appropriate skills in the right jobs at the right time. It involves:

• Job analysis: Determining the skills, duties, and knowledge required for jobs.
• Human resource planning
• Recruitment: Attracting qualified candidates.
• Selection: Choosing the best candidate for the position.

Performance Management

Performance management is a goal-oriented process that maximizes employee, team, and organizational productivity.

Human Resource Development

This function encompasses:

• Training and development
• Career planning and development
• Organization development
• Performance management and appraisal

Compensation

Compensation provides... Continue reading "Human Resource Management: Essential Functions and Practices" »