Notes, abstracts, papers, exams and problems of Baccalaureate

Room to Grow (John Stuart Mill)

- He was a genius, raised on utilitarianism.

- There are different types of pleasure, and some are better than others.

- Anyone who has experienced high and low pleasures prefers the high.

- Paternalism: Forcing someone to do something for their good (acceptable only in children).

- The Harm Principle: Every adult should be free to live as they want as long as they do not harm anyone.

- The more freedom, the happier.

Unintelligent Design (Charles Darwin)

- Everyone has apes in their family tree; we are part of nature.

- His theory explains how human beings, plants, and animals have come to be what they are and how they are still changing.

- You cannot be a Darwinian and also believe that God created all species as they... Continue reading "Philosophical Insights: Mill to Freud" »

Learning from Mistakes: Popper and Kuhn

Science progresses not by proving theories right, but by recognizing when our understanding of reality is false. Scientists actively try to disprove their theories.

• Induction: If you observe that it rains every Thursday for four weeks, you might conclude that it always rains on Thursdays.
• Science aims to avoid the problem of induction.
• Scientists propose a hypothesis and then test it, seeking evidence that could falsify it. If falsified, the hypothesis is rejected.
• Kuhn: Argued that there are no objective facts waiting to be discovered. Progress occurs through "paradigm shifts," where existing frameworks of thought are overturned.

The Runaway Train and the Unwanted Fiddler

These thought experiments by Philippa... Continue reading "Key Philosophical Concepts: From Popper to Singer" »

Is It Better for Teenagers to Focus on Friendships Rather Than Romantic Relationships?

It's recommended for teenagers to focus on friendships rather than romantic relationships. It makes total sense; the majority of teenagers are not ready to handle a relationship. Teenagers are still young and still have a long way to go in their lives. You don't know when or where you'll meet your soulmate. The odds are enormous! For that reason, stop seeking love instead of first letting it happen...

On the other hand, imagine breaking up with your significant other and realizing you have fallen head over heels in love with them. There's a possibility of losing your trust in future relationships or never being able to fall in love with someone else.

Moreover,... Continue reading "Teen Relationships: Friendships, Family Vacations, and Media Influence" »

It was one of those days when I felt like I was living in a fog, like I was just going through the motions but not really paying attention to what was going on around me. That's when I decided to go for a walk.

After about fifteen minutes, I stumbled across a park. I decided to take a closer look, and as I approached the bridge, I heard a voice from the other side.

It was an old man, he asked me if I wanted to join him, and I accepted his invitation. We talked for a while, and I told him about how I had been feeling. The old man listened patiently and then shared his wisdom with me.

He told me that the most important lesson to learn in life is that everything is transitory. He reminded me that life is a journey and that the key is to keep moving... Continue reading "Life Lessons: Wisdom from an Old Man" »

Name three DHS Program Offices

-Office of Child Development and Early Learning (OCDEL); Office of Children, Youth and Families (OCYF); Office of Developmental Programs. (ODP)

Describe what NAS stands for and one change they recommended (Book)

National Academy of Sciences: the need to adjust for cost across geographic regions

Define what SNAP stands for and describe what it provides

-Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program: Provides nutrition benefits to people in need so they can afford to purchase food.

List two effects of poverty as discussed in Power Point

-Negative effects on wellbeing of children, Homelessness, Illness, Poor Academic achievement.

US and Britain underwent a study between 1992 and 2003 regarding “stayers” of poverty. Approximately

JavaScript Cheat Sheet

JavaScript Arrays

var cars = ["Mercedes", "Tesla","Volvo"];

• pop(): Removes the last element of an array.
• push(): Adds a new element at the end of an array.
• concat(): Joins various arrays into a single array.
• reverse(): Reverses the order of elements in an array.
• indexOf(): Returns the first index of a given element in an array.
• lastIndexOf(): Returns the last index of a given element in an array.
• join(): Combines elements of an array into a single string.
• sort(): Sorts array elements based on a condition.

Global Functions

These functions are built-in to every browser that runs JavaScript:

• parseFloat(): Parses the argument and returns a floating-point number.
• parseInt(): Parses the argument and returns an integer.
• Number(): Returns a

#!/bin/bash (Header .Sh)
echo"text" ("print()")
chmod u+x file.Sh
g++ add.Cpp -o name (compile)
./add < input.Txt > output.Txt
pet="dog" (variable)
echo "Hello $var" (access var)
read var (input())
echo "$x" ("" echo var echo '$x')
echo "\$x" (echo special char)
a="`cat fl.Txt`" (stores shell cmd output)
echo ${#var} (No. Char in var)
echo ${a:6:3} (return substring ${a:pos:len})
echo ${a/$from/$to} (replace 'from' to 'to)
let "b = $a + 9" (does math and ans strd in var)
var="$0" ("$0" cmd line arg, "$@", @:all)

if [ condition ] | [ "$string" ] True; length of $string is non-0 | [ -e $file ] True iff file exists
then | [ "$string1" == "$string2" ] True; strings are equal | [ -f $file ] True iff file is a file
some action | [ "$string1" != "$string2"

ENG 103: Introduction to Campus Journalism

Lesson 1: Campus Journalism Overview

Scope:

• Written
• Oral
• Visual

Campus Paper:

A free school newspaper that educates students and the community.

Functions:

• Aids students, schools, and the community

Other Functions (by Harold Spears and C.H. Lawshe Jr.):

• Information
• Opinion
• Education
• Watchdog
• Laboratory
• Documentation
• Entertainment
• Developmental

Sections & Parts:

A. Front Page:

• Local news, foreign news, dateline, weather, index
• Nameplate: Printed name of the newspaper
• Ears: Little boxes on either side of the nameplate
• Banner: The principal headline (Streamer - if it runs across the page)
• Running head: Headline made up of 2 or more lines
• Headline: Title of any news or story
• Deck: Subordinate headline placed below the motherline

Chapter 1: Introduction to Finance

Finance is the study of how and under what terms savings (money) are allocated between lenders and borrowers. Here are some key concepts:

• Real assets: Tangible assets.
• Financial assets: Claims on real assets.
• Flow of savings: Savings flow from households to governments and businesses.
• Financial intermediaries (indirect claims): Invest on behalf of investors (e.g., chartered banks, pension funds, mutual funds).
• Market intermediaries (direct claims): Brokers (e.g., insurance).
• Credit crunch: Financial intermediaries raise loan costs due to an inability to secure financing on reasonable terms.

Crown corporations, like Hydro Quebec, are also major borrowers.

Types of Financial Assets

• Non-marketable financial assets: Invested