Notes, abstracts, papers, exams and problems of Baccalaureate

Advantages of Computer-Assisted Psychological Assessment

1. Item Banking

Computer-assisted assessment allows for the creation and maintenance of item banks, which are databases of test items that can be used across multiple assessments. This facilitates efficient test development and administration, as psychologists can select items from the item bank to create customized tests for specific purposes or populations.

2. Item Branching

Computerized assessments can utilize item branching, which means that the subsequent items presented to the individual can be tailored based on their previous responses. This adaptive testing approach allows for more efficient and targeted assessments, as the system can dynamically select items based on the individual'... Continue reading "Advantages & Disadvantages of Computer-Assisted Psychological Assessment" »

Why do you want to work here?

I am incredibly excited about the opportunity to work at Nike because of the company's global impact, commitment to innovation, and emphasis on data-driven decision-making. As a passionate follower of both the sports industry and technology, I find Nike's combination of these two domains fascinating. The chance to contribute to Nike's success by leveraging my analytical skills and collaborating with cross-functional teams to drive impactful business strategies is truly amazing. Moreover, Nike's brand reputation, focus on sustainability, and commitment to empowering athletes resonate deeply with my personal values. I genuinely believe that working at Nike would provide a dynamic and inspiring environment to learn,

Teleworking, also known as remote work, has become more relevant in recent years due to the accelerated digital transformation that the world of work has experienced. This modality of work refers to the possibility of carrying out tasks from any place that has Internet access, allowing employees to have more flexibility in terms of hours and geographic location.

Among the benefits of teleworking are the reduction of costs for the company in terms of infrastructure and services, the reduction of travel time for employees, the possibility of working with professionals from anywhere in the world and the improvement of the reconciliation between work and personal life. Additionally, it can be a viable option for people with disabilities or travel... Continue reading "How do computers affect the way people work spend free time?" »

Problem Statement

Explore the usage of basic Linux system calls.

Process Management System Calls

The system calls to manage processes are:

• fork(): Used to create a new process.
• exec(): Executes a new program.
• wait(): Waits until the process finishes execution.
• exit(): Exits from the process.

System calls used to get process IDs are:

• getpid(): Gets the unique process ID of the process.
• getppid(): Gets the parent process's unique ID.

Stat System Call

The stat system call retrieves information about files, specifically from their inodes. For instance, to get a file's size and name, you would typically use stat. Let's illustrate with a C code snippet (src/ls1.c):

#include<stdio.h>
#include<dirent.h>
#include<cstdlib>

struct dirent *dptr;

Intelligent Technology: ChatGPT and Communication

Intelligent technology like ChatGPT is a valuable tool for improving human communication. Intelligent chatbots can provide precise and efficient responses to questions and requests, improving the user experience and operational efficiency in various sectors, such as customer service, education, and healthcare.

Risks and Challenges of Intelligent Technology

Although intelligent technology presents certain risks and challenges, such as privacy and security of user data and perpetuating data biases, it is important to address these challenges to ensure ethical and responsible use of this technology.

Benefits of Intelligent Technology

Overall, intelligent technology like ChatGPT offers significant potential... Continue reading "ChatGPT: Enhancing Human Communication" »

1- The lottery is conducted on June 27th around ten o’clock. The titular lottery chooses one person from the town to be stoned to death every year for no other reason than tradition.

All the people of the town gather together and the heads of the extended families each draw one slip from the black box, but they do not unfold them until all the slips have been drawn. The one with the black dot on it goes to a second round of drawing to choose one household within the family. For the final drawing, one slip is placed in the box for each member of the household and the person with the black dot is stoned to death. In the story, this person is Tessie Hutchinson.

2- Old Man Warner responds to Mr. Adams who tells him that another village had given... Continue reading "Purpose and content of" »

Common English Idioms and Phrases

Here are some of the most common English idioms and phrases that will enrich your English vocabulary and make you sound like a native speaker.

1. ‘The Best of Both Worlds’

Means you can enjoy two different opportunities at the same time.

Example: “By working part-time and looking after her kids two days a week she managed to get the best of both worlds.”

2. ‘Speak of the Devil’

This means that the person you’re just talking about actually appears at that moment.

Example: “Hi Tom, speak of the devil, I was just telling Sara about your new car.”

3. ‘See Eye to Eye’

This means agreeing with someone.

Example: “They finally saw eye to eye on the business deal.”

4. ‘Once in a Blue Moon’

An event... Continue reading "25 Common English Idioms and Phrases to Sound Like a Native" »

Application Software

System Software

Operating System

Why OS?

Operating System Function

OS Goals

Types of Operating Systems

• Single Process Operating System
• Batch-Processing Operating System
• Multiprogramming Operating System
• Multitasking Operating System
• Multi-Processing Operating System
• Distributed System
• Real Time OS

Program

Process

Thread

Multi-tasking vs Multi-Threading

Thread Scheduling

Thread Context Switching vs Process Context Switching

User Space

Kernel

Functions of Kernel

• Process Management
• Memory Management
• File Management
• I/O Management

Type Of Kernel

• Monolithic
• Micro
• Hybrid
• Nano

System Calls

Types

• Process Management
• Device Management
• File Management
• Information Management
• Communication Management

Firmware: SW embedded in HW (microprocessor -> microcontroller)

What

What If Everyone Did It? (Immanuel Kant)

• If you help because it hurts you, it is not a moral action.
• Morality depends on what you do and why you do it.
• You should never lie.
• We all have an absolute duty to tell the truth → Categorical imperative (order).
• We act on the basis of “maxims”. For something to be moral, it must be applicable to everyone (maxims applicable in all cases).
• Always ask yourself the question of what if everyone did it?

Such Practice (Jeremy Bentham)

• Panopticon (a machine to make rogues honest).
• Utilitarianism or the Principle of Greatest Happiness → It consists of the idea that what is correct is what produces the greatest happiness.
• Happiness is pleasure and absence of pain. We seek pleasurable experiences and avoid painful