Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for Arts and Humanities

The Radio Medium

Radio is a medium designed to inform, entertain, and accompany the listener.

Radio Models and Programming

• Funding: Radio stations differ by receiving funding (public and private).
• Territorial Coverage: Stations vary by coverage (autonomic, state, or local).
• Programming Types:
  • Generalist: Offers varied programming including news, magazines, contests, musical segments, sports, and cultural content (e.g., Onda Cero).
  • Specialized: Broadcasts mono-content intended for a very specific audience (e.g., informative, musical). This includes theme radio (always on a single topic, e.g., Eje 40p.).
  • Radiofórmula: Follows a single program scheme.
  • Mixed or Hybrid: A specialized station that also features different content (e.g., Rivera Radio Axis)

Avant-Garde Movements: A Reaction to Tradition

A series of influential movements across Europe reacted against romantic subjectivism and traditional realism, profoundly shaping modern art and literature.

Futurism: Embracing the New Century

Futurism championed the neglect of emotional and 'romantic' issues, instead admiring the technical advances of the new century: machines, industry, and sports.

Cubism: Pictorial Breakdown of Reality

Cubism was a movement that sought the pictorial breakdown of traditional images into various angles and perspectives. It emerged through the paintings of Pablo Picasso, Georges Braque, and Juan Gris. Its literary adapter was the French poet Guillaume Apollinaire, inventor of the calligrams.

Dadaism: Breaking with Bourgeois

Culteranismo (Góngora)

Seeks to cultivate beauty and impress the reader's senses with light, heat, and sound.

• Features: hyperbaton; metaphors; cultism (use of words from Latin or Greek); adjectives (color, sound, appearance); mythology (subjects taken from Greek and Latin mythology).

Conceptismo (Quevedo)

Explores the meaning of words, wit, and clever puns that surprise the reader by the accumulation of reasoning.

• Features: metaphors based on ingenious partnerships; neologisms (creating words with prefixes and suffixes); antithesis (presentation of competing ideas); hyperbole (exaggeration); ornamental adjectives but not conceptual.

Characteristics of Lope de Vega's Theater

• Themes and issues: issues like love, honor, religious and monarchical ideals.

Piet Mondrian's Composition: An Analysis

Table II: Details of the Artwork

Author: Mondrian, Piet

Dated: 1921 - 1925

Style: Neoplasticism

• Rejection of texture, surface, and light qualities.
• Reduced palette to primary colors.
• Flat surface must only contain planar elements.
• Removal of curved lines.
• Presence of straight lines.

Technique: Oil

Support: Canvas

Current Location: Max Bill collection in Zurich

Topic: Squares, Rectangles, and Primary Colors

Squares and rectangles of various sizes accommodate mass and bright primary colors, combining to form a closed fabric that meets the surface of the canvas.

Formal Elements

The composition is divided into colored zones of squares and rectangles, some larger than others, creating a structure that prints a great deal... Continue reading "De Stijl: Mondrian's Neoplasticism & Primary Colors" »

Print Media and Journalistic Genres

The content of print media is varied, including daily general information, sports, economics, gossip magazines, political issues, and specialized publications on topics like decoration.

Different types of texts that appear in newspapers and magazines are called journalistic genres. These genres represent different ways journalists treat information. These can be divided into three groups:

1. Articles that objectively report information. Examples include news reports.
2. Articles where the journalist comments on or evaluates events. Examples include commentaries and interviews.
3. Texts in which the author expresses their opinion on current events or exposes their ideas. Examples include articles, forums, editorials, and

Qualitative Market Research Techniques

1. Imaging Studies

Imaging is a qualitative market research method that investigates the internal, emotional, and profound aspects of consumers' perceptions of products, brands, and advertising. To perform an imaging study, follow these steps:

• Identify competitive products under a brand or company.
• Create a list of attributes for qualitative analysis.
• Determine the level of product knowledge, brand, or company awareness.
• Determine the importance of attributes and how they influence purchase decisions.
• Obtain comparative results of the competition for brand, products, and company.
• Gather information about your company's brand and purchase intent.
• Collect demographic information descriptive of the study segment.
• Analyze

Avant-Garde Aesthetic Movements

Avant-garde refers to a set of artistic movements that developed in the early decades of the 20th century. These movements rebelled against the concept of art based on the imitation of reality, maintaining the exceptional taste and the strange legacy of symbolism.

Even from very different positions, they met a number of common characteristics that had a profound impact on art and literature:

• Anti-realism and autonomy of art
• Irrationality
• Desire for originality
• Aesthetic experimentation

Highlights Within the European Avant-Garde

• Futurism: Proclaimed its break with the past and praised the geometric splendor of the world, mechanical civilization, and technical achievements. Stylistically, it sought verbal dynamism and

The House of Bernarda Alba:
Biography: Federico García Lorca was born in Granada in 1898. He lived in Madrid and met Dalí, Alberti, and others. He traveled to the U.S. and Cuba, and upon his return to Spain, the Civil War broke out. Due to his position and his anti-fascist Republican trend, he was shot in 1936. His literature is inherited from the Generation of '98. For Lorca, theater was a way to educate the people, a didactic goal.
His Works: Among his plays are: Blood Wedding, Trip to the Moon, and more.
Comment Text: We are faced with an excerpt from his book The House of Bernarda Alba, published in 1936 but not released in Spain until after the Franco dictatorship. In this work, considered by critics as the fundamental work of Lorca, the

Early Cinema History and Film Concepts

Early Motion Capture and Art?

Rupestrian paintings and shadow puppets.

Magic Lantern Inventor and Year?

Athanasius Kircher in 1640.

Science of Motion Decomposition?

Chronophotography.

What is Retinal Persistence?

It is the phenomenon by which the brain retains an image for a few tenths of a second after its disappearance. By joining several pictures successively, one can perceive movement.

1895 Support for Linking Images?

Celluloid film.

Appliance Preceding Motion Pictures?

Magic lantern.

Edison's Patented Vision Device?

Kinetoscope.

Film Inventors and Year?

The brothers Louis and Auguste Lumière in 1895.

Lumière Brothers Films?

• Workers Leaving the Factory
• The Arrival of a Train

Lumière Operator in Spain?

Eugène Promio.... Continue reading "Film History and Core Concepts Explained" »