Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for Arts and Humanities

Auditorium Lighting Positions (FOH)

Auditorium lighting positions typically include:

• Box Booms: Vertical pipes positioned adjacent to the proscenium.
• Balcony Rail: A lighting position located on the balcony.

All lighting fixtures situated within the auditorium are collectively referred to as FOH (Front of House) lighting.

Effectiveness of Stage Lighting

For optimal effectiveness, all objects appearing on stage need to be balanced, with the light focused on the "picture frame." This "picture frame" concept conveys a sense of feeling and deep meaning to the audience.

Most theaters typically feature permanently installed lighting positions (or pipes). Several of these positions are often created or installed above the audience for front-of-stage illumination,... Continue reading "Stage Lighting Essentials: Positions, Effectiveness, and Core Functions" »

Departamentos com Mais de Três Empregados

Encontre todos os departamentos que têm mais de três empregados:

select DEPARTMENT_ID, count(*)
from EMPLOYEES
group by DEPARTMENT_ID
having count(*) > 3;

Salário Mínimo por Gerente (MGR)

Liste o salário mais baixo entre os empregados de cada gerente (MGR). Exclua os grupos em que o salário mais baixo é inferior a 1000. Ordene o resultado pelo salário:

select MANAGER_ID, min(SALARY)
from EMPLOYEES
group by MANAGER_ID
having min(SALARY) >= 1000
order by min(SALARY);

Empregados e Nomes de Departamento (Ordenado)

Liste todos os empregados e respectivos nomes de departamento, por ordem do nome de departamento:

Solução Usando a Sintaxe Tradicional

select e.FIRST_NAME, e.DEPARTMENT_ID, d.DEPARTMENT_

... Continue reading "Consultas SQL Essenciais: Empregados e Departamentos" »

Dialect and Characterization in Chesnutt's Prose

A prominent stylistic technique employed by Charles Chesnutt is the pronounced dialect speech of his African American characters. Critics of his era, particularly William Dean Howells, praised Chesnutt for his use of dialect, hailing it as an accurate reflection of Black speech. However, in his later works, Chesnutt utilized dialect more sparingly.

This shift occurred because the dialect often elicited condescending laughter, allowing readers to feel a sense of superiority over characters they perceived as ignorant. Uncle Julius, through his language, tales, and mannerisms, occupies the role of the clown—a trope Chesnutt and other Black writers eventually avoided to prevent the exploitation of... Continue reading "Charles Chesnutt: Racial Identity and Literary Realism" »

Voice Onset Time (VOT)

The moment in which voicing starts, relative to the release of a closure. We can find three types of VOT: voice lead, short lag VOT, and long lag VOT. Phonetically voiced and voiceless sounds are determined by VOT.

Prefortis Clipping

A fortis (voiceless) sound following in the same syllable causes the following vowel to be shorter than it would be in another environment.

Connected Speech Assimilation

A type of adjustment in connected speech during which a given sound (the assimilating sound) takes on the characteristics of a neighboring sound (the conditioning sound). Types: partial or complete, adjacent or non-adjacent, progressive or regressive.

• Regressive: The assimilated sound precedes and is affected by the conditioning

... Continue reading "English Phonetics: Connected Speech Processes and Phoneme Analysis" »

The Alliterative Revival

In Middle English poetry, alliterative verse experienced a resurgence known as the Alliterative Revival. While rhyme played a significant role in other forms, alliteration was the primary structural element in this movement.

William Langland and Piers Plowman

William Langland, believed to have been born in the West Midlands, was a prominent figure in the Alliterative Revival. His most famous work, Piers Plowman, offers potential autobiographical insights and suggests familiarity with London. Scholars speculate that he may have been a cleric of a lower class.

Piers Plowman: A Dream Vision

Piers Plowman is a verse allegory presented as a dream vision, a popular literary device in the Middle Ages used to convey truths or real... Continue reading "The Alliterative Revival and Estate Satire in Middle English Literature" »

Unit 0: Describing Places

• Ancient
• Comfortable
• Crowded
• Dangerous
• Dirty
• Exciting
• Expensive
• Lively
• Peaceful
• Polluted
• Pretty
• Romantic
• Safe
• Ugly

Unit 1: Skills and Abilities

• Bake cupcakes
• Design a website
• Do magic tricks
• Edit photos
• Learn a foreign language
• Learn first aid
• Learn to juggle
• Make a video blog
• Perform on stage
• Play in a band
• Ride a unicycle
• Speak in public
• Write a song
• Write computer code

Essential Life Skills

• Active listening
• Assertiveness
• Conflict resolution
• Cooperation
• Creative thinking
• Entrepreneurship
• Money management
• Negotiation
• Problem-solving
• Respect for others
• Self-awareness
• Time management

Unit 2: Rescue and Survival

• Capsize
• Casualties
• Catch fire
• Crash
• Firefighters
• Give first aid
• Paramedics
• Receive compensation
• Search and rescue workers
• Send international aid
• Survivors
• Victims

Extreme

... Continue reading "Master Essential English Vocabulary and Phrases" »

The Evolution of Fandom and Participatory Culture

The term ‘fan’ is an abbreviation of the word fanatic, which comes from the Latin word ‘fanaticus’. This term originally carried religious connotations, referring to devotees and having secular faith, but it quickly assumed negative connotations in society.

Henry Jenkins, an American media scholar and lecturer of the second half of the 20^th century, addresses different phenomena related to the fan in his book Textual Poachers: Television Fans and Participatory Culture. He rejects common fan stereotypes such as the comic, nerdy, psychotic, and eroticized fan. Moreover, he expresses the fan as a defensible position within mass culture, challenging the view of fans as a scandalous category... Continue reading "Fan Culture, Social Power, and Virginia Woolf's Feminist Vision" »

Key Literary Concepts and Definitions

Literary Forms and Genres

Literature

The art or way to express oneself through written words and to keep a record.

Lyrics/Poetry

Written expression of thoughts, feelings, and desires, conveyed through suggestive and indirect language.

Epic

A narrative poem written in heroic hexameter. It has four constituent parts: plot, character, thought, and diction.

Drama

Poetic compositions designed to be acted in front of audiences in a theatron.

Tragedy

Defined as "the imitation of an action that is serious and also as having magnitude, complete in itself." It is a form of drama exciting the emotions of pity and fear.

Narrative Structure Elements

Plot

The structure or organization of events that make up a fictional story.... Continue reading "Essential Literary Terms and Definitions" »

The Concept of Bricolage

The term bricolage was created in 1962 by Claude Lévi-Strauss to designate the style used in ancient tribal rituals where they made use of disparate elements that, joined together, have a meaning and evoke magical feelings. Nowadays, we name 'bricolage' a type of collage which reveals the attractiveness of pop culture. It consists of rearranging and juxtaposing previously unconnected objects to produce new meaning. This involves an inner process of re-signification, in which cultures change the original meanings of these objects in order to adapt them into new codes.

It is important to make clear that 'bricolage' is not 'collage,' as the latter consists of sticking together disconnected elements without any inherent... Continue reading "Bricolage and Allusion: Literary and Cultural Techniques" »

Event Props: 3D, 2D, Built & Sculpted

3D Props: Constructed or Sculpted

3D props are either constructed or sculpted.

Tall columns can be constructed from seamless paper tubing. Doors, frames, pediments, pedestals, planters, and other items are available, depending on budget and local prop rental warehouses.

Advantages: Self-standing, usually easy to install.

Disadvantages: Expensive and bulky to handle, transport, and ship.

2D Props: Flats and Cutouts

2D props are rectangular two-dimensional props that are scenically or decoratively painted or covered with decorative fabric. A standard 2D prop is the cutout profile piece, which can consist of representational artwork that is “cut out” along its outline.

Numerous decorative 2D hard props are... Continue reading "Props for Events: 3D, 2D, Built & Sculpted - A Practical Guide" »