World War I: Alliances, Industrial Advances, and Societal Transformation

-First world war: alliances / industrial & technological advances used manufactured weapons / society transformed: men at war, women at work

-Russias participation affected population

-Spain remained neutral but government had to deal with P E S problems

-Avant-garde movement influented art

-Causes: France wanted to recover Lorraine & Alsace / Austro-hungarian empire occupied & then annexed Bosnia-herzegovina. This led to nationalist protest by serbians living in Bosnia. It angered Russia, serbia's traditional ally / Industralised EU countries expanded their empires and compited for colonies control / Britain & G became involved in a naval arms race > dreadnoughts

-Participants: central powers: A-H supported by I, G, ottoman / the allied powers: Serbia supported by GB, F, R > Japan, Romania, US, Greece, Portugal.

-War economy: recent inventions > telegraph, armoured tanks, machine guns... Production consumer goods decreased > shortages > prices increased. Governments introduced rationing systems. Blank market.

-Social effects: conscripted or recruited. Advertisements. Women in factories replacing them.

-Peace settlement: allied powers Paris Peace Conference. Reconciliation rejected.

-Peace treaties (Treaty of Versailles > G): not air force / pay reparations / sign war-guilt clause / returned 2 to France

-Consequences: death & injury / Material destruction / Economic decline (US) / New EU states / colonial changes

-Tsarist Empire. Rivalry – expansion. AH > Bosnia Herzegovina – Serbia (menace) > Franz Ferdinand. War - money. M & W. Russia – civil war. Allies victories – giving up > agreement. Consequences.

Russia: absolutism – sart power. Pobres – ricos & Burguesia, WC. Government problems – new political party > Marx's ideas. 2: men - Martov / Bol – Lenin. Protest – Nicholas 2 abdicated. Men create political party & declare R republic (legal political parties) Bol opposed. 1st they sign G treat to salir de WWI. Then follow enemies, kill sart. Consequence > civil war. White Russians – Red army. They made a dictatorship > communist party of the soviet union. New constitution & form USSR.