Warehouse Storage Systems: Picking Methods and Racking Types

Warehouse Picking Methodologies

There are two primary picking methodologies:

• Product-to-operator: Goods are automatically brought to the worker.
• Operator-to-product: The worker moves to the storage location to pick items manually.

Operator-to-Product Systems

• Single-level shelving: A manual system with standard aisles and low investment costs.
• Mezzanine warehouse: Shelving installed on multiple levels to increase storage capacity.
• Mobile storage racks: Shelving units mounted on rails to reduce aisle count and maximize space.
• Narrow-aisle warehouse: A system with highly reduced aisles requiring specialized forklifts.

Product-to-Operator Systems

• Mini-Load system (Automated Box Warehouse): An automated system where boxes are delivered directly to the operator.
• Paternoster system: A vertical rotating storage cabinet that brings items directly to the operator.

Specialized Storage and Racking

• Cantilever racking: Used for extremely long loads stored on horizontal arms extending from vertical columns.
• Double-sided cantilever: Allows for loading from both sides.
• Laminar goods: Flat items such as metal sheets or glass panels.
• Tubular goods: Rigid or semi-rigid pipes that require specific storage methods.
• Cylindrical goods: Items stored in coil form, such as paper or steel rolls.
• Self-supporting warehouse: A structure where the racks form an integral part of the building itself.