Understanding Regionalization and Governance in Chile
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Regionalization in Chile
Regionalization refers to the process by which a country gains autonomy from the sovereignty of another.
The first attempt at regionalization in Chile occurred in the 1950s through the Corporación de Fomento de la Producción (CORFO).
Administrative Hierarchy in Chile
The administrative hierarchy in Chile consists of:
- Regions: Administered by Intendants. Regions are divided into provinces.
- Provinces: Administered by Governors. Provinces are divided into communes.
- Communes: Administered by Mayors.
Regions: Territorial Units
A region is a territorial unit with its own geographical, socioeconomic, and cultural characteristics.
a) Intendant
- Appointed by the President.
- Remains in office as long as the President has confidence in them.
b) Regional Office
Composed of:
- Intendants
- Governors
- Seremis (Regional Ministerial Secretaries, e.g., Maule)
- Director of SERNAM (National Women's Service)
c) Regional Council
- Intendant
- Two Counselors from each province (serving 4-year terms)
Provinces: Urban and Rural Centers
A province is a set of urban and rural centers. One center is typically designated as the provincial capital.
a) Governor
- Administers a province.
- Appointed by the President.
- Remains in office as long as the President has confidence in them.
b) Provincial Economic and Social Council
Composed of:
- Governor
- 24 representatives from various sectors and activities within the province.
Communes: The Smallest Unit
The commune is the smallest administrative unit within a region, represented by the municipality.
The municipality aims to meet the objectives and needs of the people.
a) Mayor
- Elected by the people.
- Serves a 4-year term.
b) City Council
- Composed of councilors elected by the people.
- Councilors serve 4-year terms.
Human Rights and Social Rules
Humans possess inherent rights due to two key characteristics:
a) Rationality: Humans possess intelligence and can anticipate the consequences of their actions.
b) Social Membership: As members of a community, humans must adhere to certain rules.
Rules
Rules are binding.
There are different types of rules:
- Religious
- Social
- Legal: Legal rules must be fulfilled and are enforced to ensure compliance.