Understanding Coriolis Force, Tides, and Nautical Charts

In more rigorous terms, it is called the Coriolis force. The force must be exerted on a body not to change its angular velocity when its distance varies with the axis, i.e., the force must be exercised so that the Coriolis effect is not manifested. This is analogous to the case of force necessary to maintain a body with a fixed distance from the axis; that force is called centripetal force, and whose absence causes the appearance of strength (or fictitious force), called centrifugal force.

Tide is the periodic change in sea level, caused mainly by gravitational forces exercising the Moon and the Sun.

Ocean waves are mechanical waves (i.e., material disruptions to half) of calls surface, which are those that propagate through the interface (the border) between two media materials. In this case, it is the boundary between the atmosphere and ocean.

A nautical chart is a scaled representation of navigable waters and land areas attached. Usually indicates water depths and heights of the terrain, nature of the fund, details of the coast including the ports, navigational hazards, location of lights or other navigational aids. Nautical charts are essential tools for nautical navigation.

SHAFT, POLES, ECUADOR, meridians and parallels:

H: is the diameter around which the earth.

Poles are the endpoints of the axis of the Earth: North and South.

Ecuador: the maximum circumference is perpendicular to the axis of the earth and divides it into two hemispheres: North and South.

Meridians: they are great circles passing through the poles, perpendicular to Ecuador.

Parallel: children are circles parallel to Ecuador. Special attention deserves the Tropic of Cancer in the north, the Tropic of Capricorn to the south, the Arctic Circle and Antarctic Circle.

Meridiano zero: in order to take a starting point or origin of the measurement of meridians universally adopted passing through the observatory of Greenwich (Prime Meridian, Meridian Greenwich or Prime Meridian).

Meridian of the place: it is the meridian that passes through the point where we are. The two semicircles of longitude divided by the poles are called upper meridian (which we find) and less than or antimeridiano meridian.

The Global Positioning System (GPS) Positioning System Global (better known by the acronym GPS, although its correct name NAVSTAR-GPS is 1) is a global navigation satellite (GNSS) for determining the worldwide position of an object, person, vehicle or a ship, with an accuracy up inch, using differential GPS; usually about a few meters. Although its invention is attributed to the French government and Belgian, the system was developed and installed, and is currently operated by the Department of Defense of the United States.

GPS works through a network of 27 satellites (24 operational and 3 back) in orbit over the globe, 20,200 km, with trajectories synchronized to cover the entire surface of the Earth.

The Global Navigation Satellite it:

1. System satellites. It consists of 24 units with synchronized paths to cover the entire surface of the globe. More specifically, distributed in 6 orbital planes of 4 satellites each. The power required to operate the acquired from two composite panels solar cells attached to its sides.
2. Ground stations. Send control information to control the satellite orbits and perform maintenance of the entire constellation.
3. Terminals receptors. Indicate the position you are, otherwise known as GPS units, are those that can be purchased at specialty stores.

Reliability of data

Because of the military nature of the GPS, the Department of Defense of the U.S. reserved the possibility of including some degree of random error, which could vary from 15 to 100 m.

The position calculated by a GPS receiver requires the current moment, the position of the satellite and the delay stuck in the signal received. The accuracy is dependent on the position and signal delay.