Understanding the Circulatory System

The Circulatory System

1. The circulatory system is responsible for transporting nutrients to and from the cells in the body. It is made up of the heart, blood vessels, and the blood.

2. The function of the internal environment is to give nutrients needed to cells. It is located in the interstitial fluid.

3. Blood carries nutrients that go from the blood vessels to the interstitial fluid. Cells found in tissues exchange substances with the interstitial fluid.

4. Cells get rid of waste products with the help of the interstitial fluid that collects this.

5. Cells would not obtain nutrients.

6.1. It transports nutrients and oxygen to the cells. 2. It removes waste: CO2, urea, salts. 3. Defends the organism against infections. 4. Helps to control body temperature.

7. Blood is composed of plasma and cells.

8. The heart is responsible for pumping blood around the body. This makes the heart beat.

9. The right side collects blood from all over the body and sends it to the lungs. The left side receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and sends it to other parts of the body.

10. Ventricles and the atria are connected by valves. The left ones are connected by the bicuspid valve. The right ones are connected by the tricuspid valve.

11. Left atrium-left ventricle-aorta artery-cells-cava veins-right atrium-right ventricle-pulmonary artery-lungs-pulmonary veins-left atrium.

12. The myocardium pumps blood to all parts of the body. It's a thick layer of muscle tissue that allows the heart to contract. The pericardium is a sac that surrounds and protects the heart. It's a double membrane filled with liquid. The endocardium is a layer of tissue that lines the inside of the heart. It protects the heart's valves and chambers.

13. 1. Atrial systole: when the atria contract, they pump blood into the ventricles through the tricuspid and bicuspid valves. 2. Ventricular systole: when the ventricles contract, the semilunar valves open and blood exits through the pulmonary and aorta arteries. At the same time, the valves that connect with the ventricles close. 3. Diastole: the heart relaxes and suctions blood from the cava and pulmonary veins and sends it into the atriums. The semilunar valves prevent blood from traveling back into the ventricles.