Understanding Biblical Literary Genres

Mythical Genre

Found in the Old Testament, this term originates from the Greek word mythos, meaning reflection. Myths seek to express opinions or messages regarding deep realities experienced by all humans. By using symbolic language, they aim to reach the origins and the depth of the human experience. Therefore, biblical myths must be interpreted to discover the profound truths they convey.

Gospel Genre

Found in the New Testament (specifically Mark, Matthew, Luke, and John), the term comes from the Greek word meaning "Good News." It is a proclamation regarding Jesus. The Gospels serve as a testimony of faith in Him.

Legendary Genre

Located in the Old Testament, these are stories passed down through generations. They often enlarge the deeds of heroes and significant events to impress readers and transport them to a specific historical time.

Legal Genre

Found in both the Old and New Testaments, this genre consists of rules or laws concerning religion, social organization, and the conduct of the people.

Epistolary Genre

The word "letter" is synonymous with "charter." This genre is unique to the New Testament. Letters are addressed to specific individuals or communities and typically begin with a formal greeting. They address various concerns and generally contain two sections:

• Reflections: An abundance of thoughts on various topics of faith.
• Exhortations: Encouragement provided to the community.

Prophetic Genre

Characteristic of the Old Testament, this genre is represented by the prophets who seek to communicate God's will. They utilize symbols, visions, and images to project future events based on present reality.

Apocalyptic Genre

Found in the Old Testament (Book of Daniel) and the New Testament (Book of Revelation, Mark 13, and Matthew 24), the term "apocalypse" means "revelation." It reveals the meaning of present events by looking toward the future. Written during times of great persecution, these texts are designed to comfort and provide hope to believers.

Wisdom Genre

Found in the Old Testament (Job, Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, Sirach, and Wisdom), this genre focuses on the wisdom of the people. This is not based on scientific or technical knowledge, but rather on reflection born from daily life experiences, including:

• Suffering, injustice, and exploitation
• Everyday needs such as eating, drinking, and communication