States of Matter and Thermodynamic Phase Changes
Classified in Chemistry
Written on in 
English with a size of 1.48 KB
States of Matter
- Solid State: Attractive forces are greater than repulsive forces. They possess a defined shape and volume, are rigid, and cannot be compressed. Molecules are highly ordered.
- Liquid State: These do not have a proper form but maintain a specific volume, adapting to the shape of the container. Molecules are disordered, and forces of attraction and repulsion are balanced.
- Gaseous State: These have no defined form or volume, conforming to the shape of the container. Molecules are separated by repulsive forces and can be compressed easily. Component molecules move freely.
Changes in State
- Solid to Liquid: Fusion
- Liquid to Solid: Solidification
- Liquid to Gas: Vaporization
- Gas to Liquid: Liquefaction or Condensation
- Gas to Solid: Sublimation
- Solid to Gas: Volatilization
Systems of Matter
Homogeneous Systems
These systems exhibit uniform intensive properties at all points and show continuity to the naked eye. Examples include salt water, sugar, naphtha and kerosene, or water and alcohol.
Heterogeneous Systems
These systems exhibit different intensive properties at every point. Each distinct part is called a phase, which is a region that can be considered physically separate.