Sentence Structure: Compound, Juxtaposition, Coordination

Sentence Types

Simple and Compound Sentences

A simple sentence contains a single verb with a subject. A compound sentence has two or more predicates, each with its own verb.

Compound Sentences

Compound sentences are formed by combining two or more propositions (clauses), each with its own subject and predicate. These propositions are linked through juxtaposition or coordination.

Juxtaposition

Juxtaposition occurs when propositions are placed together in a compound sentence without conjunctions.

Coordination

Coordination occurs when propositions are joined by conjunctions, creating no grammatical dependency between them.

Types of Coordination

• Copulative Coordination: Adds meanings (conjunctions: and, nor).
• Disjunctive Coordination: Excludes meanings (conjunctions: either, or).
• Adversative Coordination: Opposes meanings (conjunctions: but, however).
• Explanatory Coordination: One proposition explains another (conjunctions: that is, i.e.).

Analyzing Juxtaposed and Coordinated Sentences

1. Locate the verbs.
2. Identify subjects and predicates.
3. Analyze each clause.
4. Determine if clauses are independent or dependent.
5. In juxtaposed sentences, check for the absence of links.
6. In coordinated sentences, identify the type of coordinating conjunction.

Substantive Clauses

Function of Substantive Clauses

Substantive clauses act as nouns within a complex sentence, performing noun functions.

Introducing Substantive Clauses

Substantive clauses can be introduced by:

• Conjunctions (que, si).
• Interrogative pronouns (qué, quién, cuál) or adverbs (cómo, cuándo, dónde).
• An infinitive verb without a conjunction, accompanied by complements.

Functions of Substantive Clauses

Substantive clauses can function as:

• Subject
• Attribute
• Direct object
• System complement
• Noun complement
• Adjective or adverb complement