The Role of Political Parties in Government and Society

B-institutional functions:

1. Recruitment and selection of political elites - Parties share the role of recruitment and training with top bureaucrats, business, or intellectuals. Some countries have a closed list system, where the party bureaucracy is very extensive. Parties do not necessarily select the best, but the most disciplined, those who identify more with partisan ideologies and those who criticize less. This phenomenon of co-option of selecting interests creates a bureaucracy within parties, leading to oligarchization. It is consistent with the interests of party professionals who are paid by work.
2. Organization and conduct of elections - Political parties organize the elections and we elect representatives submitted by the parties. The entire electoral process rests on the party structure. Parties in parliament work through groups.

Organization and Functioning of Parliaments

Parties operate and manage the parliament, playing a very important role in the confidence and inauguration of parliament. The president is responsible for naming his ministers, who are often the leaders of the political party that wins the elections. A deputy is entitled to vote if they are a minister, and if the deputy minister is not entitled to vote. Both the ministers and deputies are appointed by the president of the government.

Organization and Functioning of Government

The party is responsible in varying degrees of these two tasks, depending on whether in government or in opposition, and according to the context in which it operates. In monocratic or dictatorial systems, parties primarily play a role in legitimizing decisions of state power. In liberal-democratic states, parties combine the functions they perform and occupy a vast political space.

Parties always have received abundant criticism from all ideological horizons, leading to a loss of membership and credit to public opinion. However, eliminating parties has generally led to its replacement by a single party, which encapsulates its worst faults. The negative effect of excessive presence of parties leads to difficult communication between society and the state. Parties can reform some negative aspects of their internal operation, becoming more permeable to social and generational changes. Ultimately, parties cannot be eliminated as the political system demands the presence of mediators between society and institutions.