Preventing Biological and Physical Risks in the Workplace
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Item 15.7: Five Measures to Prevent Biological Risks
- No eating, drinking, or smoking in work areas.
- Provide workers with protective clothing (gloves and masks).
- Control room access and provide adequate antiseptic products.
- Have written procedures for handling dangerous products.
- Have lockers so workers do not mix their work clothes with street clothes.
Item 15.8: Defining Physical Agents
Physical agents are elements in the work environment that may cause illnesses and accidents.
Item 15.9: Noise Definition and Magnitudes
Noise is defined as any unwanted and annoying sound. The magnitudes that define noise are intensity and frequency.
Item 15.10: Effects of Noise on Individuals
Noise can cause disorders of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems, digestive and sleep disorders, or psychological effects.
Item 15.11: Instruments for Measuring Noise
Noise is measured using a sound level meter and a dosimeter.
Item 15.12: Preventive Measures Against Noise
Preventive measures against noise can be implemented at the source, in the transmission path, or at the receiver:
- Source: Remove sources of noise or enclose the noise source by installing sound barriers.
- Transmission Path: Install screens and panels.
- Receiver: Use sound absorbers, reduce exposure time, separate the job from the noise source, and use personal protective equipment.
Item 15.13: Vibration Definition
Vibration is an oscillatory movement of the particles of a body from a reference position.
Item 15.14: Classification of Vibrations by Frequency
Frequency | Source | Effects |
---|---|---|
Very Low Frequency (<2 Hz) | Transportation machinery or tools, movement of people, rolling cars, boats, and aircraft | Dizziness, vomiting |
Item 15.15: Thermal Comfort and Heat Stress
- Thermal comfort: The pleasant sensation experienced by the worker in the workplace.
- Heat stress: The pressure a worker may feel due to heat in the workplace.
Item 15.16: Preventive Measures Against Heat Stress
- Inform and train workers about the risks.
- Have cool resting places.
- Provide fresh water.
Item 15.17: Effects of Good and Poor Lighting
Good lighting maximizes worker performance, while poor lighting causes fatigue.
Item 15.18: Radiation Definition, Types, and Effects
Radiation is the propagation of energy in the form of electromagnetic waves or subatomic particles through a vacuum or a material medium.