The Moors in Spain: History, Culture, and Legacy
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AD 711: The Moors Invade Spain
In AD 711, the Moors invaded Spain from North Africa and conquered most of it.
AD 720: The Moors Cross the Pyrenees Mountains
In AD 720, the Moors crossed the Pyrenees Mountains and pushed into France.
AD 732: Defeat at the Battle of Poitiers
In AD 732, at the Battle of Poitiers, they were defeated and driven out of France.
13th Century: The Alhambra Palace
In the 13th century, the Moors built the Alhambra palace in Granada.
AD 1000: The Moors Begin to Lose Control
In AD 1000, the Moors began to lose control of Spain.
AD 1250: Moors Control Only Granada
In AD 1250, the Moors only controlled the area around Granada.
AD 1492: The Christian Rulers Drive Them Out
In AD 1492, the Christian rulers Ferdinand and Isabella drove them out.
Al-Andalus: The Most Advanced Part of Spain
Al-Andalus, the southern zone, was the most advanced part of Spain.
The Main Towns of the Southern Zone
- Cordoba
- Granada
- Seville
- Toledo
Cordoba: A Flourishing City
During the 10th century, Cordoba had a population of 500,000. Its streets were paved and lit, it had 300 public baths, 70 libraries, and many bookshops. It had over 700 mosques.
The Moors' Contributions
- Introduction of new crops like oranges, peaches, apricots, rice, and cotton
- Expansion of crafts like pottery and carpet making
- Introduction of the lute and guitar
- Establishment of numerous schools
Non-Muslims Paid Extra Taxes