Key Terms and Institutions of Francoist Spain
Classified in History
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(D) Blue Division
The Blue Division was a unit of Spanish volunteers who served from 1941 (and officially until 1943) in the German camp during World War II, mainly on the Eastern Front against the Soviet Union.
(I) National Industry Institute
Created in 1941, the National Industry Institute was a state entity created by Spaniard Juan Antonio Suances to promote industrial development in Spain. Numerous public companies were created through the INI.
(L) Organic Law of the State
The Organic Law of the State (1967) was enacted during the third stage of the Franco regime, a government in which most of the power was held by the technocrat family. Along with seven other fundamental laws of the regime, it ensured the process of institutionalizing the Franco regime.
Law of Trade Union Unity
The Law of Trade Union Unity was enacted in 1940 and, based on the Falangist doctrine imitating the corporate model of fascist Italy, established that employers and employees would be integrated into a single union for each industry, called Vertical Syndicates. The state controlled the entire system, and union membership was compulsory.
Accountability Act
The Accountability Act was published on February 9, 1939. With it, the regime sought to exercise total clearance of persons who, in one way or another, had worked with the Republic since 1934. The incredible story of this law was the consideration that those who remained faithful to the Republic were the real culprits of the crime of rebellion and opposition to winning the National Movement. In 1940, a new law was added to it: the Suppression of Communism and Masonry Act.
(M) National Movement
National Movement was the name given during the Franco regime to the fascist-inspired totalitarian mechanism purported to be the only way to take part in Spanish public life. It responded to a concept of corporate society that calls should be expressed only by natural entities: family, municipality, and union.
(S) Women's Section
The Women's Section was an institution created in Spain in 1934. During the Second Republic and the Franco regime, it was the female branch of the Spanish Falange. It was led from its creation by Pilar Primo de Rivera, sister of Jose Antonio, founder of the Falange.