Key Economic and Agricultural Concepts Explained

Inshore Fishing

Catching fish near the coast, usually performed by the artisanal fleet.

Longline Fisheries

Fishing gear consisting of a main line with branch lines and hanging hooks.

Polyculture

Growing multiple crops on a farm or within traditional agricultural landscapes, such as those in the North Peninsula.

LEADER Program

A European project started in 1991 for rural areas affected by the conversion generated by the CAP. It provides grants to create innovative solutions for rural development, such as rural tourism.

Agrarian Reform

An agrarian policy aimed at modifying the structural characteristics of agriculture, especially land ownership systems. During the Second Republic in Spain, a law on agrarian reform was adopted and implemented in the Republican zone during the Civil War. It failed to meet farmers' expectations due to its slowness and was eventually dismantled during the Franco regime.

Land Ownership Systems

Direct Ownership Scheme

A system where the entrepreneur and the landowner are the same person.

Indirect Holding System

A system where the entrepreneur and the landowner are not the same person, leading to forms of farming such as sharecropping and leasing.

International Organizations and Treaties

IMF (International Monetary Fund)

An international organization that aims to maintain global monetary stability. It grants funds to developing countries in exchange for economic adjustment policies.

FSE (European Social Fund)

A fund of the European Union destined to promote vocational training and employment.

Maastricht Treaty

The Treaty on European Union (TEU) that entered into force in 1993. It established the European Union and set its three pillars: Economic and Monetary Union (EMU), Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP), and cooperation in justice and home affairs.

Treaty of Rome

Signed by Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, France, Italy, and West Germany. It created the EEC and EURATOM, allowing for the free movement of persons and goods, as well as the development of nuclear research for peaceful purposes and the creation of a common market.

ECSC (European Coal and Steel Community)

A market created by the Treaty of Paris designed to manage the trade of coal and steel among members of the European Union.

Structural Funds

Funding provided to help reduce economic imbalances among the members of the European Union.

G-7

The Group of Seven, comprising the heads of state or government of the seven greatest world powers (USA, Canada, Japan, Germany, France, Italy, and Great Britain). Its aim is to exchange views on economic and political issues and harmonize economic policies.