Jeffersonian Beliefs and the War of 1812: Key Insights

1. What Were Jefferson’s Beliefs About the Role of Government? He believed in having limited power, but setbacks were in order. He was an Anti-Federalist and a Jeffersonian Republican. He believed in frugality (little spending) and simplicity, which meant he cut back on some things. He reduced the army and the number of government employees. He also wanted to cut back on taxes and succeeded in eliminating the entire national debt. He believed that each state should have its own rights, such as education and road maintenance.

2. In the Election of 1800, What Were the Federalists Afraid Of? Federalists were afraid of revolution and chaos (Adams) because if Jefferson won the election, everything was going to change.

3. In the Election of 1800, What Were the Democratic-Republicans Afraid Of? They were afraid of Adams gaining too much power and potentially becoming a king, establishing a monarchy.

4. What Was the Significance of Marbury v. Madison? The significance is that Madison checked that the writ of Mandamus was unconstitutional. It gave the Supreme Court the power of judicial review, allowing them to determine if a law is constitutional.

5. Why Did Napoleon Sell the Louisiana Territory? It might cause conflict with the USA later. He needed money for the war he was fighting against the British and to pay off war debts. He was unsuccessful at colonizing Haiti.

6. Where Did Lewis and Clark Explore? The Louisiana Territory.

7. What Was the Embargo Act? What Reasons Led Up to It? The Embargo Act prohibited American ships from sailing to foreign ports and restricted American exports to all foreign countries. This was a response to anger at Britain and France for not respecting American neutrality.

8. Why Was the Embargo Act a Failure? The economy suffered greatly. The value of exports dropped from $108 million to $2.

9. Where Did Most of the War of 1812 Take Place? The Canadian border and the United States.

10. Name Three Famous Battles.

1. Battle of Lake Erie
2. Battle of Thames
3. Battle of New Orleans

11. Who Was the Indian Chief That Led Battles in the War of 1812? Tecumseh, chief of the Shawnee tribe.

12. Who Were the “War Hawks”? Jeffersonian Republicans who wanted a declaration of war against the British.

13. Name Three Causes of the War of 1812.

• Freedom of the seas (respect for the Neutrality Proclamation)
• American resentment of Britain
• American belief that the British in Canada were arming and encouraging the Indians
• American ambition to annex Canada and Florida

14. Name Three Heroes of the War of 1812.

1. Andrew Jackson
2. General Harrison
3. Commander Oliver Hazard Perry

15. What Were the Results of the War of 1812?

1. Growth of American nationalism
2. Strengthening of isolationism
3. Increase in westward migration
4. Encouragement of American industry
5. Disappearance of the Federalist Party

16. Explain the Rush-Bagot Treaty of 1817. The Rush-Bagot Agreement resolved fishing rights. It was a treaty between the United States and Britain that effectively demilitarized the Great Lakes by sharply limiting the number of ships each power could station on them.

17. Explain the Monroe Doctrine. This isolation policy had three rules: 1) The U.S. would not get involved in European affairs; 2) It prohibited foreign colonization of the Western Hemisphere; 3) It prohibited foreign involvement in the affairs of Western Hemisphere nations.

18. Explain the Missouri Compromise. People were afraid of a shift in power in Congress, so Henry Clay proposed the Missouri Compromise, which stated that Missouri would be a slave state, but Maine would become free. Additionally, any states within the Louisiana Purchase north of Missouri would not allow slavery, while any state south of it would allow slavery.