International Agreements of the 1920s: A Path to Peace?
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International Agreements of the 1920s
France's Treaties (1920)
Countries: Belgium, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Romania, Yugoslavia.
Goal: To protect France from future German attacks by creating military and friendship treaties with Germany's neighbors.
Outcome: Successful.
Geneva Protocol (1924)
Countries: Britain and France.
Goal: To strengthen the League of Nations' authority in disputes by requiring members to seek League arbitration and accept its decisions. Armed forces could be used against aggressors.
Outcome: Not successful.
Dawes Plan (1924)
Countries: USA, Britain, France, Belgium, Germany.
Goal: To address Germany's economic collapse and inability to pay reparations. The plan extended Germany's reparation payment period, offered American loans for German industry and reparations, and re-established the German currency. France agreed to withdraw troops from the Ruhr.
Outcome: Successful.
Locarno Treaties (1925)
Countries: Germany, Britain, France, Italy, Belgium, Czechoslovakia.
Goal: To improve relations between France and Germany. The treaties affirmed existing borders, maintained the Rhineland's demilitarized status, guaranteed French support to Poland and Czechoslovakia against German attack, and committed Germany to peaceful dispute resolution.
Outcome: Successful.
Kellogg-Briand Pact (1928)
Countries: Global powers including France, USA, Germany, USSR, Italy, Japan.
Goal: Initially proposed by France to the USA as a non-aggression pact, it expanded to include many nations, renouncing war as a means of resolving international disputes.
Outcome: Successful.