Grammatical Determinants and Pronoun Functions

Determinants

Determinants: Words that accompany the noun and present, limiting its meaning.

Types of Words That Function as Determinants:

Article

You have to name a reality.

• Methods: SM: el, SF: la, PM: los, PF: las, S: lo (neutral).

Determinative

Play presentation capabilities.

Demonstrative

Place in space or in time expressed by the noun, in connection with the speaker.

• Forms: MS: this, that one. MP: these, those. FS: This, that. FP: these, those.

Possessive

Indicates who owns the expressed by the noun.

• Methods: MS1: Mio, 2: yours, your, 3: his, hers. FS: 1: mine, ours, 2: yours, your, 3: his, hers.

Indefinite

Indicate an inaccurate amount of that to regard the noun it accompanies or replaces.

• Forms: MS: a, The, Too, Much, Other, little of either, A, Right. M/FS: Any, Pretty much. MP: Various. MS: None.

Numerals

Indicate the quantity or order expressed by the noun.

• Cardinals: one, two, three.
• Ordinals: first, second, third.
• Partitives: middle, third, fifth, eleventh, thirteenth.
• Multiplicative: double, triple, quadruple.
• Distributives: two separate, two each.

Interrogative and Exclamatory

Express questioning or exclamation on a reality expressed by the noun.

• Forms: much, how much, how many, how many and who.

Pronouns

Pronouns: Words that replace a noun and all the words that form the noun phrase.

Types of Pronouns:

Personal, demonstrative, numeral, interrogative, exclamatory, relative, possessive, indefinite.

Tonics Personal Pronouns: They are those who have lexical stress so they can appear alone.

Unstressed Personal Pronouns: They are those who have no lexical stress and cannot go alone; they depend on a verb.

Varieties of Language

Sociolinguistic Varieties

Cultured Language

It's used by people with a high cultural level. Its use reveals a high degree of instruction by the speaker, and at the same time, the receiver requires the same level of training to ensure the communication process. This is seen in written texts, careful Spanish rule, and use by people with a high cultural level.

Vulgar Tongue

Characterized by the use of a restricted language code as to the means at the disposal of the speaker. The speaker expresses themselves very carelessly and sometimes incorrectly. This usually abounds in oral texts and slang.

Jargon

The language of a closed social group, whose representatives use it to be understood among themselves. It is characterized by the use of specific words and expressions, and it is used by multiple groups: lawyers, jewelers, criminals...

Geographical Varieties (Diatopic)

Language

Language is a system used by a speech community; it is characterized by being defined.

Dialect

A linguistic system derived from another, which usually has a precise geographical delimitation.

Patois

Varieties typical of a certain region or locality.