Global Cities & Urban Development: A Case Study of Rome
Classified in History
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What is a Global City?
A global city, also known as a world city, is generally considered to be an important node in the global economic system (e.g., New York). It is a city that has a significant component of transnational elites.
Rome is a globalized (diversely global) city known around the world for its historical, demographic, and cultural trends, such as its image as a center of religious heritage. Rome has been crucial in the development of modern tourism, which is considered one of the side effects of economics.
Stereotypes
A stereotype is to believe unfairly that all people or things with a particular characteristic are the same. Common stereotypes of Rome include:
- The Eternal City (never-lasting)
- Romantic, free, and fun
- City of layers
- Ancient Rome (Silver coin of Emperor Hadrian)
Limits to stereotypes: They are partial and essentialist.
Another way of looking at Rome: Living, changing, complex, interdependent.
Ecology
Ecology is an environment that takes into consideration the residents and the environment. Urban ecology is the same but in the context of an urban environment.
Ecologies of Rome:
- Mass tourism
- Archeology
- Worker
- Prison
- Invisible
- Self-made
- Exburb
- Industrial
- Multicultural city
Splendor, Decadence (4 AD-1800), Rebirth - 2 Stages:
1) 1820-1920 > National Identity
The Roman Forum begins to resurface in the late 1800s because of political imperatives to assert a new national identity centered on the legacy of ancient Rome. In 1870, Italy existed as a social expression but not as a nation. The political objective was to create a national identity out of all these local identities.
2) 1920-1940s > Justify the Empire
In the 1920s, Italy was ruled by Fascism (Mussolini). Italy wanted to reacquire power; they wanted to have an empire, leading to the creation of the "Rome of emperors". The result was the social cost of removal of people from their homes to create the "empire street".
Teatro Marcello:
In 1812, Teatro Marcello was an old Roman ruin readopted, as was the Temple of Apollo (old & new).
Ideology & Urban Development
Ideology: A set of attributes and beliefs that characterize the thinking of a group or nation.
Urban development: The social, cultural, economic, and physical development of cities, as well as the underlying causes of these processes.
Cultural Heritage
Cultural heritage: The legacy of physical artifacts and intangible attributes of a group or society that are inherited from past generations, maintained in the present, and bestowed for the benefit of future generations.