Essential Expository Writing and Grammar Principles

1. Expository Texts

The Report

A report is a text designed to present data and conclusions about a specific event. Its main characteristics include:

• Subject: Focused on a specific, restricted workplace topic.
• Clarity, Conciseness, and Order: Ideas must be brief, clear, and logically organized.
• Language: Formal tone using appropriate technical jargon.
• Visual Elements: May include graphics, illustrations, or videos.
• Sources: The author must cite where information was obtained.

The Leaflet

A leaflet is a text accompanying products, typically pharmaceuticals, that explains their use. Its structure includes:

• Composition: Name of the medication and its form (e.g., pill).
• Information: What the product treats.
• Dosage: Amount to be taken and frequency.
• Contraindications: When the product should not be used.
• Side Effects: Potential adverse reactions.
• Interaction: Compatibility with other substances.
• Other Information: Expiration date and overdose procedures.

How to Write a Report

• Sources: Consult reliable references like dictionaries.
• Order: Summarize key points clearly and directly.
• Vocabulary: Use precise and technical terminology.
• Visuals: Incorporate images and graphics to support data.

2. Kinds of Sentences

Number of Verbs

• Simple: Contains only one subject and one predicate (e.g., "Time is money").
• Compound: Contains more than one verb, connected via coordination or subordination.

Communicative Intent

• Declarative: Reports information objectively.
• Interrogative: Asks questions (Direct/Indirect, Total/Partial).
• Exclamatory: Expresses emotion.
• Imperative: Issues an order or command.
• Doubtful: Indicates doubt or possibility.
• Desiderative: Expresses desires.

3. Sentence Classification

Structure

• Personal: Contains both a subject and a predicate.
• Impersonal: Lacks a subject.

Types of Predicate

• Copulative: Formed with linking verbs.
• Predicative: Includes active (transitive, intransitive, reflexive, reciprocal) and passive (direct or reflexive) forms.

4. Spelling Rules

Words Written with 'B'

Use 'b' in prefixes like bu-, bur-, bus-, bl-, br-, biblio-, bi-, bis-, biz-, and in the verb to go, as well as endings like -bir and -tribute. Exceptions include mobility and civility.

Words Written with 'V'

Use 'v' in prefixes like eva-, evi-, evo-, vice-, viz-, and endings like -ava, -evo, -eva, -eve, -ivo, -iva. Also used in past tense forms of to go and to have.

5. Vocabulary

Key terms regarding products, ingredients, and nutritional information.