Essential English Vocabulary and Grammar for Health

Health and Body Vocabulary

Ankle (tobillo), back, bandage, be sick (estar enfermo), bite (picadura), brain (cerebro), chest (pecho), cold (resfriado), cough (toser), device (dispositivo), dizzy (mareado), elbow (codo), fear (miedo), flu (gripe), food poisoning, headache, heart, itchy (produce picor), knee (rodilla), laugh (reírse), look for (buscar), lung (pulmón), neck (cuello), nerve cell (neurona), ointment (pomada), pill (pastilla), rash (sarpullido), rib (costilla), shoulder, skin (piel), sneeze (estornudar), sore (dolorido), spine (columna vertebral), sprained (tobillo torcido), sting (picadura), stomach, swollen (inflamado), temperature, throat (garganta), upset stomach, wheelchair, wrist (muñeca), X-ray.

Senses and Descriptive Adjectives

Accountant (contable), bitter (amargo), bland (soso), blind (ciego), bright (brillante), chilly (frío), coarse (áspero), touch, transparent, visually-impaired, costume (traje), damp (húmedo), deaf (sordo), deafening (ensordecedor), despair (desesperarse), developing, guide dogs, hearing (oído), hearing aid (audífono), hearing loss (sordera), loose (holgado), mute (mudo), odourless (inodoro), perceive, scented (perfumado), sight (espectáculo), sighted (vidente), sign language, smell (olfato), smooth (liso), sniff (olfatear), soft (suave), stroke (acariciar), taste (gusto), tasteless (soso), touch, tight (apretado).

Grammar and Usage Exercises

Body Parts and Modals

Spine, stomach, body, lungs, chest, skin, throat // may not, may, might, might not, may not, may // couldn't walk, can call, could drive, can hear // must, doesn't have to, mustn't, shouldn't, should // isn't able to, may, should, have to, don't have to, can, shouldn't, need to, should, could, might // touch, blind, hearing aid, taste, deaf, loss, sniff // walking, admiring, to get, eating, to go, seeing, coming, to survive, seeing, touching // aab // to add, walking, to get, to take, meeting // to, to, -ing, -ing, -ing, to, -ing, -ing, -ing, -ing, to, being.

Gerunds and Infinitives Rules

Gerunds (Verb + -ing)

Used as a subject (e.g., visiting was...), and after verbs such as: finish, enjoy, avoid, miss, recommend, suggest, imagine, regret, keep, mind. Also used after prepositions (about, at, in) and expressions like: can't stand, feel like, don't mind, it's no use, look forward to.

Infinitives (To + Verb)

Used after adjectives (easy, happy, sad, hard, nice, lucky) and verbs such as: decide, want, promise, hope, pretend, refuse, offer, agree, seem, appear, choose, expect, learn, plan, wish, allow.

Meaning Changes in Verb Patterns

• Remember + gerund: recordar haber hecho algo en el pasado.
• Remember + infinitive: acordarse de hacer algo.
• Forget + gerund: frases negativas, imposibilidad de algo.
• Forget + infinitive: olvidarse de hacer algo.
• Stop + gerund: dejar de hacer algo, un hábito.
• Stop + infinitive: parar una acción para hacer otra cosa.