Essential English Vocabulary for Daily Communication

Language and Communication

• Accent, cognate, comment on, idiom (frase hecha), mother tongue, proverb (refrán), slang.
• Isolated, cut off, get through (comunicarse), lose signal, on speakerphone, plug in (enchufar), run out of battery, swipe (arrastrar), tag sb (etiquetar), suffer (resentirse).

Sports and Wellbeing

• Cheer (animar), drop out (of a race) (abandonar), get through (to the final) (llegar), sign up, sporty (aficionado al deporte), substitute (suplente), wellbeing (bienestar).
• Come up with (ocurrírsele), end up (acabar), go ahead (seguir), keep track of (controlar), take over (tomar el relevo), work out (calcular).
• Be mindful (ser consciente), cut out (eliminar), enrol (in a class) (apuntarse), gain perspective (lograr perspectiva), get in shape, get your heart rate up, keep fit, rested, set a goal, stretch (estirar), take a nap (echarse una siesta), take up (empezar un hobby).

Shopping and Consumerism

• Bargain (ganga), brand (marca), cashier (cajero), exchange (cambiar), high street, pay in cash, purchase, refund, sales, sales assistant (dependiente), second hand, sweatshop (taller de explotación), try on (probarse), try out (probar).
• Idioms: Be in safe hands, give sth the time of day, go on a spending spree, judge a book by its cover, keep an eye out for sth, live from hand to mouth, rule of thumb, shop around, shop on a shoestring, tighten your belt, tip of the iceberg.

Environment and Society

• Break down (separar), carbon footprint (impacto medioambiental), clean-up (limpieza), disposable (desechable), dispose of, dump (tirar), landfill sites (vertedero), reusable, renewable (renovable), wasteful (derrochar), zero waste, spot (detectar), genuine (legítimo).
• Child poverty (pobreza infantil), citizen (ciudadano), disability-rights activist, employment, gender discrimination, healthcare system, minority group, neighbourhood, segregation, wealth (riqueza), welfare state (Estado de bienestar).
• Bravery (valentía), arrival (llegada), fairness (justicia), kindness (amabilidad), ownership (propiedad), scenery (paisaje), treatment (tratamiento).

Law and Justice

• Accuse sb of, arrest sb (for), burglary (robo en vivienda), charge sb (with), community service, criminal, criminal record, defendant (acusado), dismiss a case, judge, jury, life sentence, mugging (atracado), on trial (ser juzgado), pay a fine, prosecutor, reach a verdict, send sb to prison, sentence sb to, shoplifting (hurto en tienda), suspect, theft (hurto), therapy program, vandalism, victim, witness (testigo), young offender.

Phrasal Verbs

• Bring back, calm down, come across, deal with, run away, set off, set up, stick together.