Essential English Grammar and Vocabulary Basics
Classified in Spanish
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There Is, There Are, and Have Got / Has Got
Examples and Translations:
- There are two cats on the roof: Hay dos gatos en el tejado.
- You have got a beautiful apartment: Tú tienes un apartamento bonito.
- Hans has got two sisters: Hans tiene dos hermanas.
- There is some cake in the fridge: Hay algo de tarta en la nevera.
- It is very small: Es muy pequeña.
- Her sister has got a hamster: Su hermana tiene un hámster.
- There are two lamps in the bedroom: Hay dos lámparas en el dormitorio.
- There is a big bed in the bedroom: Hay una cama grande en el dormitorio.
- There are two cats on the roof: Hay dos gatos en el tejado.
- There are three boys in the sitting room: Hay tres chicos en el cuarto de estar.
- There are some books on the table: Hay algunos libros sobre la mesa.
- There is a TV in the kitchen: Hay una televisión en la cocina.
- He has got a big garden: Él tiene un jardín grande.
- They have got a blue sofa: Ellos tienen un sofá azul.
- There is a cat on the roof: Hay un gato en el tejado.
- I have got two sisters: Yo tengo dos hermanas.
- There is some Coke in the fridge: Hay algo de Coca-Cola en la nevera.
- There are three cars in the garage: Hay tres coches en el garaje.
- There is a TV in the bedroom: Hay una televisión en el dormitorio.
- There are some books in the kitchen: Hay algunos libros en la cocina.
- There is some wine in the bottle: Hay algo de vino en la botella.
- There is a lamp in the sitting room: Hay una lámpara en el cuarto de estar.
- There are two lamps in the bedroom: Hay dos lámparas en el dormitorio.
- There is a beautiful garden in the house: Hay un jardín hermoso en la casa.
- Juana has got a cat: Juana tiene un gato.
- Her sister has got a hamster: Su hermana tiene un hámster.
- Hans and Juana have got two sisters: Hans y Juana tienen dos hermanas.
- The apartment has got one bedroom: El apartamento tiene un dormitorio.
- Hans has got a dog: Hans tiene un perro.
- Hiro has got a brother and a dog: Hiro tiene un hermano y un perro.
Demonstratives and Possessives
Demonstrative Pronouns
- These: Estos/as → These books/tables (Cercanía).
- Those: Esos/as, aquellos/as → Those dictionaries/girls (Lejanía).
Possessive Adjectives
- Our house: Nuestra casa.
- Your house: Vuestra casa.
- Their house: Su (de ellos/as) casa.
Common Phrases
- What’s up?: ¿Qué te cuentas?
- Me too: Yo también.
- Let’s have a coffee: Tomemos un café.
Numbers in English
| Number | Word | Number | Word |
|---|---|---|---|
| 21 | twenty-one | 31 | thirty-one |
| 22 | twenty-two | 40 | forty |
| 23 | twenty-three | 50 | fifty |
| 24 | twenty-four | 60 | sixty |
| 25 | twenty-five | 70 | seventy |
| 26 | twenty-six | 80 | eighty |
| 27 | twenty-seven | 90 | ninety |
| 28 | twenty-eight | 100 | one hundred |
| 29 | twenty-nine | 1,000 | one thousand |
| 30 | thirty | 1,111,111 | one million one hundred and eleven thousand one hundred and eleven |
Nationalities, Family, and Feelings
Nationalities
Spain: Spanish | Great Britain: British | Germany: German | Japan: Japanese | Mexico: Mexican | France: French | Portugal: Portuguese
Family Members
- Grandmother/father: Abuela/abuelo
- Daughter: Hija | Son: Hijo
- Brother: Hermano | Sister: Hermana
- Wife: Esposa | Husband: Esposo
- Cousin: Primo/a | Aunt: Tía | Uncle: Tío
Feelings and States
- How are you?: ¿Cómo estás?
- I am fine: Estoy bien.
- I am hot: Tengo calor (Hace calor).
- We are cold: Tenemos frío (Hace frío).