Essential Classifications of Legal Science and Practice

Administrative Law

These are the joint rules governing social institutions and the acts of the executive for the achievement of public purposes.

Space Law

A set of rules and principles governing air navigation in its legal aspect.

Employment and Labor Law

This branch of legal science covers all positive norms and doctrines concerning the relations between capital and labor, and between management and labor (intellectual, technical, managerial, or manual control). It addresses the contractual and legal aspects constituting two basic elements of the economy where the state, as a neutral and higher power, defines the main lines of the rights and duties of both parties in the overall process of production.

Business Law

A collection of rules determining the legal relations arising from the production, circulation, distribution, and consumption of wealth.

Financial Law

An ordered set of scientific standards and positive economic organization concerning expenses and revenues.

Tax Law

A branch of financial law that regulates relations between the treasury and taxpayers regarding taxes of any kind, the people and goods affected, special extensions, forms and payment delays, fines or other penalties, and surcharges to be applied for violating provisions of law.

International Law

The governing relations between states, considered as independent personalities, the links between subjects of different nations or situations, and the rights and duties of foreigners over the territory in which they occur.

Right Boat (Maritime Law)

A set of legal rules concerning the various rights and obligations arising from navigation, especially the transport of passengers or goods in ships.

Commercial Law

Doctrinal principles, laws, and customs that govern private legal relations arising from exchange transactions and contracts made for profit by the people who make trade their profession.

Parliamentary Law

A set of legal regulations or internal chamber rules governing the powers, privileges, and duties of members of the relevant legislature.

Criminal Law

This is also often referred to as penal law. Subtly, the first term is preferable because it more accurately refers to the power to punish, while "crime law" is not as recognizable, although the adjective indeed expresses the right regarding the crime, punishable offense, or conduct.

Litigation

This contains the principles and rules governing civil and criminal procedure, and the administration of justice before judges and courts of both special or other jurisdictions.

Public Law

A set of rules governing the legal order of the state itself in its relations with individuals and other states.

Private Law

It governs the actions of individuals acting in their own name, prioritizing individual interests before the general interest.

Civil Law

The natural or essential rights of which every individual is legally capable.