English Vocabulary and Grammar Reference Units 5, 6 and 8

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Written on October 3, 2026 in English with a size of 6.46 KB

Unit 5: Advertising Agency and Shopping Vocabulary

Enhance your commercial vocabulary with these English and Basque translations:

Advertising agency: publizitate agentzia
Attract: erakarri
Awareness: ezagutza
Budget: aurrekontua
Convey a message: mezu bat igorri
Flyer: iragarki papertxoa
Free sample: doako lagina
Goods: produktuak
Increase: igoera
Make: marka
Price range: prezio aukera
Product: produktua
Purchase: erosi
Shop display: erakusleihoa
Strategy: estrategia
Tempt: tentatu
Bargain: pagotxa
Cash: eskudirua
Cashier: kutxazaina
Charge: kobratu
Credit card: kreditu txartela
Discount: deskontua
Exchange: aldatu
Guarantee: garantia
Make up one's mind: erabaki
On sale: salmentan
Price tag: etiketa
Receipt: erreziboa
Reduce: murriztu
Refund: itzuli
Save up: aurreztu
Special offer: eskaintza berezia
Trial period: froga aldia

Unit 6: Environment and Materials Vocabulary

Learn key terms related to ecology, nature, and everyday materials:

Bury: lurperatu
Cut down: moztu
Decompose: usteldu
Disposable product: erabili eta botatzekoa
Dump: jaurti
Endanger: arriskuan jarri
End up: bukatu
Energy source: energia iturria
Global warming: munduaren beroketa
Landfill: zabortegia
Natural resource: baliabide naturala
Pollute: kutsatu
Renewable: berriztagarria
Wildlife: flora eta fauna
Bottle: botila
Can: potea
Cardboard: kartoia
Carton: kaxa
Cloth: oihala
Container: edukiontzia
Cotton: kotoia
Glass: kristala
Jar: potoa
Leather: larrua
Peel: azala
Shell: oskola
Tin: lata
Wood: egurra
Wool: ilea

Unit 6 (Part 2): The Senses and Physical Descriptions

Explore vocabulary for human senses, disabilities, and physical characteristics:

Blind: itsua
Deaf: gorra
Guide dog: txakurgidaria
Hearing aid: audifonoa
Hearing loss: entzumen galera
Mute: mutua
Perceive: ulertu
Sight: ikusmena
Sign language: zeinu hizkuntza
Smell: usaimena
Sniff: usaindu
Stroke: ferekatu
Taste: zaporea
Touch: ukimena
Visually impaired: ikusmen urritasuna
Bitter: azidoa
Bland: zaporegabea
Bright: dirdiratsua
Chilly: hotza
Coarse: aspero
Damp: hezea
Deafening: gorgarria
Loose: zabala
Odourless: usaingabea
Scented: perfumatua
Smooth: leuna
Soft: suabea
Tasteless: zaporegabea
Tight: estua
Transparent: gardena

Grammar Reference: Unit 5 Verb Tenses and Passive Voice

Present Simple: Person + verb / Person + is/are/am + past participle (verb 3rd column / -ed)
Present Continuous: Person + is/are/am + verb-ing / Person + is/are/am + being + past participle
Past Simple: Person + verb 2nd column / -ed / Person + was/were + past participle
Past Continuous: Person + was/were + verb-ing / Person + was/were + being + past participle
Future: Person + will + verb / Person + will be + past participle

Grammar Reference: Unit 6 Tense Transformations

Present Simple to Past Simple: Person + verb (3rd person singular) changes to Person + verb 2nd column / -ed
Past Simple to Past Perfect: Person + verb 2nd column changes to Person + had + past participle
Present Continuous to Past Continuous: Person + is/are/am + verb-ing changes to Person + was/were + verb-ing
Present Perfect to Past Perfect: Person + have/has + past participle changes to Person + had + past participle
Future to Conditional: Person + will + verb changes to Person + would + verb

Pronouns Reference

Grammar Reference: Unit 8 Infinitives and Gerunds

Infinitives

Afford, fail, offer, beg, hope, expect, mean, wish, hesitate, pretend, manage, want, arrange, prepare, would prefer, refuse, appear, plan, would have, decide, agree, help, would like, choose, learn.

Rule: These verbs are followed by TO + verb.

Gerunds

Admit, advise, allow, avoid, can't help, can't stand, deny, dislike, enjoy, fancy, finish, keep, mind, miss, permit, practise, suggest, waste time, waste money.

Rule: These verbs are followed by -ING + verb.