English Vocabulary and Grammar: Film, Advertising, and Reported Speech

Unit 7: Film-making

Key Vocabulary

• Camera operator: Operador de cámara
• Cast: Reparto
• Costume designer: Diseñador de vestuario
• Credits: Créditos
• Lighting: Iluminación
• Location: Localización
• Make-up artist: Maquillador
• Script: Guion
• Set designer: Escenógrafo
• Sound effects: Efectos de sonido
• Soundtrack: Banda sonora
• Storyboard: Guion ilustrado
• Subtitles: Subtítulos
• Role: Papel
• Movie: Película/Cine
• It's a wrap: ¡Corten!
• Final cut: Toma final
• Casting agency: Agencia de casting
• Wait around: Quedarse en espera
• Sign up with: Apuntarse a algo

Reporting Verbs

• Verb + to infinitive: Agree to, offer to, promise to, refuse to.
• Verb + object + infinitive: Invite to, convince to, tell to, ask to.
• Verb + that: Complain that, say that, suggest that, admit that.

Unit 8: Advertising

Key Vocabulary

• Ad agency: Agencia de publicidad
• Ad/Advert/Advertisement: Anuncio
• Advertising campaign: Campaña publicitaria
• Brand: Marca
• Celebrity: Famoso
• Consumer: Consumidor
• Eye-catching: Espectacular
• Go viral: Volverse viral
• Hype: Promoción
• Jingle: Sintonía
• Online ads: Anuncios en internet
• Peer pressure: Presión de grupo
• Persuasive: Persuasivo
• Target audience: Público objetivo
• Noticeboard: Tablón de anuncios
• Common room: Sala común
• Captive audience: Audiencia cautiva
• Brand loyalty: Lealtad a la marca
• Free-thinking: Pensamiento libre
• Citizens: Ciudadanos

Easily Confused Verbs

• Borrow / Lend: Tomar prestado / Prestar
• Hope / Wait: Esperar (deseo) / Esperar (tiempo)
• Remember / Remind: Recordar (memoria) / Recordar (hacer recordar)
• See / Watch: Ver / Observar
• Spend / Waste: Gastar / Desperdiciar
• Win / Earn: Ganar (premio) / Ganar (dinero)

Reported Speech

Tense Changes

• Am/Is/Are → Was/Were
• Present Simple → Past Simple
• Present Continuous → Past Continuous
• Past Simple → Past Perfect
• Present Perfect → Past Perfect
• Will → Would
• Can → Could
• Must/Have to → Had to

Time and Place Expressions

• Today: That day
• Tomorrow: The day after
• Next week: The week after
• Yesterday: The day before
• Last week: The week before
• Ten years ago: Ten years before
• This year: That year
• Here/There, This/That, These/Those, Now/Then, Us/Them

Grammar Notes

Questions without an interrogative particle are reported using if (if + subject + verb). Maybe and perhaps are placed at the beginning of the sentence or after a comma. Definitely and probably are placed after the verb in affirmative sentences and before the verb in negative sentences.