English Grammar Tenses and Essential Vocabulary Lists
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Essential Food Vocabulary in English and Spanish
- Chicken: pollo
- Lobster: langosta
- Crab: cangrejo
- Tuna: atún
- Mussels: mejillones
- Beet: remolacha
- Prawns: langostinos
- Duck: pato
- Salmon: salmón
- Lamb: cordero
- Squid: calamar
- Pork: cerdo
- Red pepper: pimiento rojo
- Eggs: huevos
- Aubergine: berenjena
- Cherries: cerezas
- Avocado: palta
- Courgette: calabacín
- Beetroot: raíz de remolacha
- Potatoes: patatas
- Cabbage: repollo
English Grammar: Present Tenses
Present Simple
- (+): Subject + Verb + Complement
- (-): Subject + Do/Does not + Verb + Complement
- (?): Do/Does + Subject + Verb + Complement?
Present Continuous
- (+): Subject + Am/Are/Is + Verb-ing
- (-): Subject + Am not/Aren’t/Isn’t + Verb-ing
- (?): Am/Are/Is + Subject + Verb-ing?
Future Forms: Be Going To and Will
Be Going To
- (+): Subject + Am/Are/Is + Going to + Verb
- (-): Subject + Am/Are not + Going to + Verb
- (?): Am/Are/Is + Subject + Going to + Verb?
Will / Will Not
- (+): Subject + Will + Verb
- (-): Subject + Shall/Will not + Verb
- (?): Will + Subject + Verb?
Family Members and Relationships
- Great grandfather: bisabuelo
- Stepmother: madrastra
- Only child: hijo único
- Brother-in-law: cuñado
- Nephew: sobrino
- Half-sister: media hermana
- Adopted child: niño adoptado
- Extended family: familia extendida
- Immediate family: familia inmediata
- Stepsister: hermanastra
Common Adjectives and Their Meanings
- Tired: cansado
- Freezing: muy frío / congelado
- Surprised: sorprendido
- Furious: furioso
- Big: grande
- Fascinating: fascinante
- Cold: frío
- Starving: muriendo de hambre
- Dirty: sucio
- Happy: feliz
- Funny: gracioso
- Hot: caliente
- Angry: enfadado
- Hungry: hambriento
- Hilarious: muy gracioso
- Interesting: interesante
- Positive: positivo
- Small: pequeño
- Amazed: asombrado
- Sure: seguro
- Boiling: hirviendo
- Afraid: asustado
- Delighted: encantado
- Exhausted: exhausto
- Terrified: aterrorizado
- Filthy: asqueroso
Past Simple vs. Present Perfect Grammar
Present Perfect
- (+): Subject + Has/Have + Verb (Past Participle)
- (-): Subject + Hasn’t/Haven’t + Verb (Past Participle)
- (?): Has/Have + Subject + Verb (Past Participle)?
Past Simple
- (+): Subject + Verb-ed or Irregular (2nd column)
- (-): Subject + Didn’t + Verb (Base form)
- (?): Did + Subject + Verb (Base form)?