English Grammar: Reported Speech, Conditionals, and Phrasal Verbs

Posted by drew and classified in French

Written on May 14, 2026 in English with a size of 4.07 KB

Reported Speech Tense Changes

Present Simple (is) – Past Simple (was)
Present Continuous (is living) – Past Continuous (was living)
Past Simple (went) – Past Perfect Simple (had gone)
Past Continuous (was working) – Past Perfect Continuous (had been working)
Present Perfect Simple (have eaten) – Past Perfect Simple (had eaten)
Present Perfect Continuous (have been studying) – Past Perfect Continuous (had been studying)
Past Perfect Simple (had gone) – No change
Past Perfect Continuous (had been dancing) – No change

Modal Verbs in Reported Speech

Will – Would
Can – Could
Must – Had to
Shall – Should
May – Might/Could

Time and Place Expressions

Today – That day
Yesterday – The day before
The day before yesterday – Two days before
Tomorrow – The next day
The day after tomorrow – In two days' time
Next week/year – The following week/year
A year ago – A year before
This – That
Here – There

English Conditionals

Conditional 0

If + Present Tense, Present Tense
If you freeze water, it turns into ice. (Si congelas agua, se convierte en hielo)

Conditional 1

If + Present Tense, will / can / may / must + verb
If it rains today, I'll stay at home. (Si llueve hoy, me quedaré en casa)

Conditional 2

If + Past Simple, would / could / might + verb
If I didn't want to go, I would tell you. (Si no quisiera ir, te lo diría)

Conditional 3

If + Past Perfect, would / could / might + have + past participle
If I had known the answer, I would have raised my hand. (Si hubiese sabido la respuesta, habría levantado mi mano)

Common Phrasal Verbs

Keep on: Seguir
Leave out: Omitir
Let down: Decepcionar
Let in: Dejar entrar
Listen in: Escuchar
Listen after: Cuidar
Look after: Cuidar a
Look back on: Recordar
Look for: Buscar
Look forward to: Estar deseando
Look into: Investigar
Look on: Considerar
Look out: Tener cuidado
Look up: Buscar, visitar
Look up to: Admirar
Make straight for: Ir directamente
Make up: Reconciliarse / Inventar
Pay back: Vengarse
Pay for: Ser castigado
Pay off: Pagar / Merecer la pena
Pick out: Elegir
Pick up: Levantar
Put away: Guardar
Put off: Aplazar
Put on: Ponerse
Put out: Apagar
Put up with: Aguantar
Ring off: Colgar
Ring up: Llamar
Run away from: Escaparse
Run into: Tropezarse con
Run out of: Quedarse sin
Run over: Atropellar
Serve on: Ser miembro de
Set off/out: Salir
Show up: Aparecer
Stand for: Representar
Stand out: Destacar