English Grammar Essentials: Present Tenses, Questions, and Career Vocabulary

Unit 1: Basic English Grammar Structures

Present Simple Tense

Used for habits, routines, and facts.

• Adverbs of Frequency: always, never, sometimes, usually.
• Time Expressions: every day, every Monday, every week.

Present Continuous Tense

Used for actions happening at the moment of speaking.

• Auxiliary Verbs: am, is, are.
• Time Expressions: now, right now, at the moment.
• Note: The main verb takes the -ing form when these auxiliary verbs are used.

Verbs for Activities: PLAY, GO, DO

• PLAY: Used for board games and sports (e.g., board games, games with a ball, football, chess).
• GO + -ing: Used for activities like go riding, go skating, go swimming.
• DO: Used for other activities (e.g., do photography, do gymnastics).

WH-Questions

Structure: WH-word + auxiliary + person + verb + (complement) ?

Example: Where do you live? I live in Mar del Plata.

Yes/No Questions

Structure: Auxiliary + person + verb + (complement) ?

Example: Does Sarah like pizza? Yes, she does.

Adverbs of Frequency

Position 1: Before the Main Verb

Structure: Person + adverb of frequency + verb + complement

Example: I always play football.

Position 2: After the Verb 'To Be'

Structure: Person + is/are/am + adverb of frequency + complement

Example: Susan is never late for work.

Unit 2: Expressing Wishes with 'Would Like'

Affirmative Sentences

Structure: Person + would like to + verb + complement.

Example: I would like to be an architect in the future.

Negative Sentences

Structure: Person + wouldn't like to + verb + complement.

Example: I wouldn't like to have cut.

Questions

Structure: Would + person + like to + verb + complement ?

Example: Would he like to go to the cinema? Yes, he would / No, he wouldn't.

Vocabulary: Occupations and Job Descriptions

Occupations (Ocupaciones)

• Architect (Arquitecto)
• Dentist
• Engineer (Ingeniero)
• Lawyer (Abogado)
• Doctor
• Executive
• Builder (Constructor)
• Teacher
• DJ
• Nurse (Enfermero)
• Pilot
• Waiter (Mozo)
• Car Mechanic
• Factory Worker (Fábrica)
• Firefighter (Bombero)
• Sales Assistant (Asistente de venta)
• Postman (Cartero)
• Web Designer (Diseñador de web)
• Vet

Verbs (Verbos)

• Repair (Reparar)
• Serve (Servir)
• Drive (Llevar)
• Help (Ayudar)
• Sell (Vender)
• Treat (Tratar)
• Build (Construir)
• Deliver (Entregar)
• Fly (Volar)
• Play (Jugar)
• Design (Diseñar)

Adjectives (Adjetivos)

• Dangerous (Peligroso)
• Boring (Aburrido)
• Easy (Fácil)
• Difficult (Difícil)
• Well-paid
• Badly-paid
• Interesting (Interesante)
• Fun (Divertido)