Endocrine Functions of the Pancreas and Other Organ Systems
Classified in Biology
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NO BANK/FIB-MULTI Panceras
Endocrine Functions § Pancreatic islets § Secrete hormones insulin and glucagon into blood Exocrine functions § Secretes pancreatic juice into duodenum § Alkaline fluid introduced with enzymes neutralizes chyme from stomach Pancreatic Juice
- Water, bicarbonate solution, enzymes
- Bicarbonate solution: neutralizes gastric HCL & shift pH of duodenum to 8
- Enzymes: § Pancreatic amylase: digests salts § Trypsinogen - digests proteins § Lipase - digests triglycerides
Agriculture:
Deliberate land modification through plant cultivation and raising animals for food or profit Dominant economic activity Requires physical and demographic contributions in regions
Hemoglobin:
Globin combined with 4 iron atoms • 280 million molecules per RBC • Forms weak electrical bonds with O2 or CO2 • Oxyhemoglobin • Carboxyhemoglobin..Erythrocytes
Vocal folds:
Enclosed by ligaments Behind thyroid cartilage Produce vocal sounds Controlled by skeletal mm Taut rapid vibration = higher pitch Low mm tension = lower pitch
Bronchi: Tree :
Primary Bronchi 1 / Lung Secondary Bronchi 1 / Lobe Tertiary Bronchi Plates of cartilage Bronchioles Terminal bronchioles Respiratory bronchioles Alveoli
Nodal tissue:
- Acts as a pacemaker
- Forms conduction system
- Sinoatrial Node (SA)
- Atrioventricular Node (AV)
- Purkinje Fibers
Pericardium
2 layer connective tissue
Atria
receiving chamber § Top of heart
Ventricle
sending chamber § Bottom of heart
Systemic & Pulmonary Circuit
DBL Pump Left side of heart: § Pumps oxygenated blood into systemic circulation § Larger cardiac muscle Right side of heart: § Pumps deoxygenated blood into pulmonary circulation to the alveoli
Capillaries
Line avelorar sack, Internal REsperation
Artery
Away from Heart
Vein
To Heart.§ Take blood TOWARD the heart § Three layers of tissue but less wall strength due to lower pressures § Serves as a blood volume reservoir § 3 mechanisms that help veins
- Contraction of muscles
- One-way valves
- Movements associated with breathing