Effective Quality Control and Graphic Analysis Techniques

Quality Control and Creative Graphic Techniques

Formats of Data Collection

• Array Type: A spreadsheet type of data collection. A data array allows us to have a relationship of orderly frequency for a specific data type.
• Concentration Diagram: This is another type of data collection template, which can be very useful when trying to see the most frequent location of any defect or failure.
• Counting or Sorting Data Template: Used for collecting data with the purpose of seeing how they are distributed and how many are in each class.

Graphic Techniques of Quality Management

• Management Graphics: Control charts that display the behavior of different processes.
• Line Charts: Allows us to represent the behavior and evolution over time of a feature, one or more processes, equipment, machines, departments, etc.
• Types of Graphs: There are three main types: bar, circular, and radar.
• Histogram: These are bar charts, but in this case, the ordinate axis always represents the frequency (either an absolute number or percentage), and the abscissa axis represents the magnitude distributed in classes.

  Histogram Classifications

  • Symmetric: It is the most common and provides the same conclusions as the Gaussian distribution.
  • Bimodal: Shows more than one peak, which suggests the existence of mixed populations.
  • Skewed or Asymmetrical: Occurs when values appear frequently decentered from the average on either side.
  • Data Isolation: Values presented in isolation.
  • Data Isolation: Values presented in isolation.
• Pareto Diagram: Used for the representation of various types of defects, allowing you to see their relative importance.
• Scatter Diagrams: Show the relationship or correlation between two classes of data and the possibility of controlling one through the other.
  • Types include: positive correlation, negative correlation, possible correlation, non-linear correlation, and no correlation.
• Flowcharts: A method to clearly describe all the activities of a process and the relationship that exists between them.

Creative Techniques and Quality Improvement

• Brainstorming (Rain of Ideas): This technique is based on creative thinking, consisting of a group of people stating whatever they want on any topic, and then choosing the best options.
  • Process: Definition of the problem, statement of ideas, abstract, and selection of ideas.
• Cause-Effect Diagram: A graph illustrating a specified or default problem to analyze it, identifying possible orderly causes: materials, machines, methods, manpower, and environment.
• Quality Circles: Comprises a small group of people who meet voluntarily to identify, analyze, and seek solutions to problems.
  • Steps: Identifying the problems, debating and designing solutions, presentation to management, implementation of the proposal, and assessment of the implemented proposal.