Where is drived thymine
Classified in Biology
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-Nucleic acid: are composed of nucleotides, very large and complex organic molecules that contain the genetic code for that organism.
Nitrogen bases: adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine & uracil
-DNA replication: means making more DNA
^it occurs in the nucleus(eukaryote cells have nucleus but prokaryotes don't) ^typically happens during interphase
^it doesn't happen during mitosis(cell division)
^cells replicates its dna before division processes like mitosis and meiosis
^enzymes have the ability to speed up reactions and build up or break down items that they act on
-Types of enzymes:
^helicase-breakdown the 2 strands of DNA
^DNA primase-tells polymerase where to go
^DNA polymerase- replicates dna molecules to build a new strand of dna (20 bases p/s)
^ligase-helps glue dna fragments together
-DNA sequence:
^helicase unwinds dna
^ssb proteins bind to dna strand
^primase creates primer
^dna polymerase begins to build
*dna strands complement each other (not identical)
-Leading strand: 5’ to 3’ direction
-Lagging strand: 3’ to 5’ direction
-Okazaki fragments: short sequence of DNA nucleotides which is linked together by DNA ligase to create the lagging strand.
-Replication bubble: an unwound and open region of DNA helix where DNA replication occurs
-Transcription: process in which RNA is synthesized by copying one segments of dna
^occurs in the nucleus
-Types of RNA=produce proteins
^ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
^messenger RNA (mRNA)
^transfer RNA (tRNA)
-Steps:
1.Initiation=when the promoter region is found by the RNA polymerase
2.Elongation=the RNA polymerase bring the complementary bases
3.Termination=RNA polymerase finds the terminator sequence