Distillation Process: Separating Liquids by Heating

DISTILATION PROCESS: ELEMENTS

• Thermometer: measure the temperature of the vapor
• The stopper: hold the thermometer
• The Bunsen Burner: heat the liquid
• The tube at the top of the condenser: conduct the cool water away
• The cool water: cool the vaporized alcohol
• The tube at the bottom of the condenser: conduct cool water in
• The receiving flask: collect the condensed alcohol
• The stand (soporte): maintain an upright or vertical position
• The clamps (pinzas): support the wire
• The wire gauze (rejilla de alambre): spread the flame out
• The ring clamps (pinzas de anilla): grip the flask and the condenser

ORDER

1. Distillation is used...
2. To separate a mixture of liquids...
3. Distillation is a widely used method...
4. The gas is then condensed...
5. Although the term is mostly common...
6. In this way...

THE PURPOSE OF THE EXPERIMENT IS TO

Separate mostly liquids by heating them. The one with the lowest boiling point will boil, and then it would be cooled until it condensation.

THE APPARATUS CONSISTS OF

Two flasks united by a condensing tube, that has a tube inside (the thinnest for the vapor, the thickest for cool water). On the distilling flask you need to put a thermometer. Liquid on this flask is heat with a Bunsen Burner.

THE MIXTURE TO BE SEPARATED WAS

An homogeneous mixture made up by two liquids

THE METHOD FOR CARRYING THE EXPERIMENT IS BY

Heating the mixture. When you reach a certain temperature, it boils. Then it's condensed and recollected as a liquid in the other flask.

THE PROCEDURE:

1. The apparatus is set up
2. Then you need to put the mixture in the distilling flask and turn on the burner and set up the wire gauze
3. Next, the mixture will be heated and on one point the substance with the lowest boiling point will boil. The vapor will enter in the condensing tube, which is filled with cool water, that is expelled and filled again
4. Finally, the vapor will condense into drops and reach the collecting tube

The result is that: you now have two different substances