Democracy: A Political System of Freedom, Power Division, and Equality

Democracy:

It is a political system in which power lies with the people.

Main Characteristics:

• Freedom: Related to the idea of justice, equality, and human rights. People are free to give their opinion.
• Power Division: In democracy, political power is divided into three parts: executive done by the government, legislative done by the parliament, and judicial done by the judges.
• Equality: In democracy, all people are supposed to be equal.
• Representative: People take part in politics by voting for their representatives who will legislate or govern.

Political Systems:

• Monarchy: The head of the state is a king or a queen.
• Republic: Where the head of the state is elected.
• Oligarchy: The political system where the authority rules without any limit.

In a democracy, a country can be a monarchy or a republic, and the head of state will be a monarch or a president.

• Centralized: Single government and a parliament that decides and rules everything.
• Decentralized: Autonomous communities or federal states, for example, in the USA or Germany.

In a federal state like the USA, the president is in charge of foreign policy or security but all the other issues.

Autonomous regions can decide on issues such as health or the police.

Institutions:

Groups/associations with the objective of covering a need.

• The informal institutions: The family or music groups, where friendship.
• The formal institutions: Those related, for example, to the administration.